Prophylactic role of coenzyme Q10 and Cynara scolymus L on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in rats: Biochemical and immunohistochemical study

• Published in: Indian journal of pharmacology 2015-11, Vol.47 (6), p.649-656
• Main Authors: Mustafa, Hesham N, El Awdan, Sally A, Hegazy, Gehan A, Abdel Jaleel, Gehad A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Actins - metabolism; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic - adverse effects; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic - chemistry; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Artichokes; Biochemistry; Care and treatment; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - blood; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - metabolism; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - pathology; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control; Coenzyme Q10; Complications and side effects; Cynara scolymus - chemistry; Dietary supplements; Doxorubicin; Doxorubicin - adverse effects; Doxorubicin - antagonists & inhibitors; Ethnopharmacology; Health aspects; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver - pathology; Male; Mediterranean Region; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pharmacology; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen - metabolism; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Renal Insufficiency - chemically induced; Renal Insufficiency - metabolism; Renal Insufficiency - pathology; Renal Insufficiency - prevention & control; Toxicity; Ubiquinone - analogs & derivatives; Ubiquinone - therapeutic use
• ISSN: 0253-7613; 1998-3751
• DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.169588

The study aims to evaluate the protective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Cynara scolymus L (CS) on doxorubicin (dox)-induced toxicity. Sixty male rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 as a control. Group 2 received dox (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Group 3 received CoQ10 (200 mg/kg). Group 4 received CS (500 mg/kg). Group 5 received CoQ10 (200 mg/kg) and dox (10 mg/kg). Group 6 received CS (500 mg/kg) and dox (10 mg/kg). The rats were then evaluated biochemically and immunohistochemically. Dox produced a significant deterioration of hepatic and renal functional parameters. Moreover, an upsurge of oxidative stress and nitrosative stress markers. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was increased and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was decreased. Administration of CoQ10 and CS resulted in a significant improvement of hepatic and renal functional parameters, and an improvement of both α-SMA and PCNA. It is concluded that pretreatment with CoQ10 and CS is associated with up-regulation of favorable protective enzymes and down-regulation of oxidative stress. That can be advised as a supplement to dox-treated patients.