The Need for Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Drug-Induced Liver Disease: Does Metabolomics Have Any Role?

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a potentially fatal adverse event and the leading cause of acute liver failure in the US and in the majority of Europe. The liver can be affected directly, in a dose-dependent manner, or idiosyncratically, independently of the dose, and therefore unpredictably. Cu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2015-01, Vol.2015 (2015), p.1-8
Main Authors: Martinez-Chantar, Maria Luz, Barbier-Torres, Lucía, Arias-Loste, María Teresa, Iruzubieta, Paula, Crespo, Javier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - metabolism
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - diagnosis
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - metabolism
Complications and side effects
Diagnosis
Drug dosages
Drug overdose
Enzymes
Genetic screening
Health aspects
Humans
Liver
Liver diseases
Metabolism
Metabolites
Metabolome
Metabolomics - methods
Prognosis
Review
Studies
Urine
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Summary:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a potentially fatal adverse event and the leading cause of acute liver failure in the US and in the majority of Europe. The liver can be affected directly, in a dose-dependent manner, or idiosyncratically, independently of the dose, and therefore unpredictably. Currently, DILI is a diagnosis of exclusion that physicians should suspect in patients with unexplained elevated liver enzymes. Therefore, new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are necessary to achieve an early and reliable diagnosis of DILI and thus improve the prognosis. Although several DILI biomarkers have been found through analytical and genetic tests and pharmacokinetic approaches, none of them have been able to display enough specificity and sensitivity, so new approaches are needed. In this sense, metabolomics is a strongly and promising emerging field that, from biofluids collected through minimally invasive procedures, can obtain early biomarkers of toxicity, which may constitute specific indicators of liver damage.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2015/386186