Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of infections during pregnancy: implementation of recommended interventions, United States, 2003-2004

Objective The objective of the study was to describe prenatal screening, positive test rates, and the administration of indicated interventions for hepatitis B, rubella, syphilis, group B streptococcus (GBS), chlamydia, and gonorrhea in the United States using 2 population-based surveys. Study Desig...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2012-02, Vol.206 (2), p.158.e1-158.e11
Main Authors: Koumans, Emilia H.A., MD, Rosen, Jennifer, MD, van Dyke, Melissa K., PhD, Zell, Elizabeth, MStat, Phares, Christina R., PhD, Taylor, Allan, MD, Loft, John, PhD, Schrag, Stephanie, DPhil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
chlamydia
Chlamydia Infections - transmission
Female
gonorrhea
Gonorrhea - transmission
group B streptococcus
guidelines
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - transmission
Humans
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control
Medical sciences
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - prevention & control
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - therapy
Prenatal Diagnosis
rubella
Rubella - transmission
screening
Streptococcal Infections - transmission
syphilis
Syphilis - transmission
treatment
United States
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Summary:Objective The objective of the study was to describe prenatal screening, positive test rates, and the administration of indicated interventions for hepatitis B, rubella, syphilis, group B streptococcus (GBS), chlamydia, and gonorrhea in the United States using 2 population-based surveys. Study Design Both surveys abstracted demographic, prenatal, and delivery data from a representative sample of delivering women in 10 states. Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design. Results Among the 7691 and 19,791 women in the 2 studies, screened proportions before delivery were more than 90% for hepatitis B and rubella, 80% for syphilis, 72-85% for GBS, and less than 80% for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Inadequate prenatal care was the strongest factor associated with no screening. Administration of interventions indicated by positive test results was variable but generally low. Conclusion Improved prenatal screening and administration of indicated treatments or interventions, particularly for syphilis, GBS, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, will further protect newborns from infection.
ISSN:0002-9378
1097-6868
DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2011.08.027