Cisplatin-induced mesenchymal stromal cells-mediated mechanism contributing to decreased antitumor effect in breast cancer cells

• Published in: Cell communication and signaling 2016-01, Vol.14 (4), p.4-4, Article 4
• Main Authors: Skolekova, Svetlana, Matuskova, Miroslava, Bohac, Martin, Toro, Lenka, Durinikova, Erika, Tyciakova, Silvia, Demkova, Lucia, Gursky, Jan, Kucerova, Lucia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Apoptosis - drug effects; Breast - drug effects; Breast - immunology; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - immunology; Cancer; Care and treatment; Cell Line, Tumor; Cellular Senescence - drug effects; Chemotherapy; Cisplatin; Cisplatin - pharmacology; Complications and side effects; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Female; Genetic aspects; Health aspects; Humans; Influence; Interleukin-6 - immunology; Interleukin-8 - immunology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - immunology; Stem cell research; Tumor Microenvironment - drug effects
• ISSN: 1478-811X; 1478-811X
• DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0127-0

Cells of the tumor microenvironment are recognized as important determinants of the tumor biology. The adjacent non-malignant cells can regulate drug responses of the cancer cells by secreted paracrine factors and direct interactions with tumor cells. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) actively contribute to tumor microenvironment. Here we focused on their response to chemotherapy as during the treatment these cells become affected. We have shown that the secretory phenotype and behavior of mesenchymal stromal cells influenced by cisplatin differs from the naïve MSC. MSC were more resistant to the concentrations of cisplatin, which was cytotoxic for tumor cells. They did not undergo apoptosis, but a part of MSC population underwent senescence. However, MSC pretreatment with cisplatin led to changes in phosphorylation profiles of many kinases and also increased secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines. These changes in cytokine and phosphorylation profile of MSC led to increased chemoresistance and stemness of breast cancer cells. Taken together here we suggest that the exposure of the chemoresistant cells in the tumor microenvironment leads to substantial alterations and might lead to promotion of acquired microenvironment-mediated chemoresistance and stemness.