Pharyngeal Satellite Cells Undergo Myogenesis Under Basal Conditions and Are Required for Pharyngeal Muscle Maintenance

The pharyngeal muscles of the nasal, oral, and laryngeal pharynxes are required for swallowing. Pharyngeal muscles are preferentially affected in some muscular dystrophies yet spared in others. Muscle stem cells, called satellite cells, may be critical factors in the development of pharyngeal muscle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) Ohio), 2015-12, Vol.33 (12), p.3581-3595
Main Authors: Randolph, Matthew E., Phillips, Brittany L., Choo, Hyo‐Jung, Vest, Katherine E., Vera, Yandery, Pavlath, Grace K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Mice
Mice, Mutant Strains
Muscle Development
Muscle maintenance
Muscles
Myofiber
Myogenesis
Myonuclear turnover
Nematodes
Pharyngeal Muscles - cytology
Pharyngeal Muscles - metabolism
Pharynx
Satellite cells
Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle - cytology
Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle - metabolism
Satellites
Stem cells
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Summary:The pharyngeal muscles of the nasal, oral, and laryngeal pharynxes are required for swallowing. Pharyngeal muscles are preferentially affected in some muscular dystrophies yet spared in others. Muscle stem cells, called satellite cells, may be critical factors in the development of pharyngeal muscle disorders; however, very little is known about pharyngeal satellite cells (PSC) and their role in pharyngeal muscles. We show that PSC are distinct from the commonly studied hindlimb satellite cells both transcriptionally and biologically. Under basal conditions PSC proliferate, progress through myogenesis, and fuse with pharyngeal myofibers. Furthermore, PSC exhibit biologic differences dependent on anatomic location in the pharynx. Importantly, PSC are required to maintain myofiber size and myonuclear number in pharyngeal myofibers. Together, these results demonstrate that PSC are critical for pharyngeal muscle maintenance and suggest that satellite cell impairment could contribute to pharyngeal muscle pathology associated with various muscular dystrophies and aging. Stem Cells 2015;33:3581–3595
ISSN:1066-5099
1549-4918
DOI:10.1002/stem.2098