Dimorphic male scutal patterns and upper-eye facets of Simulium mirum n. sp. (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Malaysia

A species of Simulium in the Simulium melanopus species-group of the subgenus Simulium (formerly misidentified as S. laterale Edwards from Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia) is suspected to have dimorphic male scutal color patterns linked with different numbers of upper-eye facets. This study aimed to con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasites & vectors 2016-03, Vol.9 (136), p.136-136, Article 136
Main Authors: Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Low, Van Lun, Sofian-Azirun, Mohd, Otsuka, Yasushi, Ya'cob, Zubaidah, Chen, Chee Dhang, Lau, Koon Weng, Lardizabal, Maria Lourdes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Structures - anatomy & histology
Animals
Cluster Analysis
Dimorphism (Biology)
Diptera
DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry
DNA, Ribosomal - genetics
Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics
Eye - anatomy & histology
Genetic aspects
Genetic research
Head - anatomy & histology
Identification and classification
Malaysia
Male
Phylogeny
RNA, Ribosomal - genetics
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Simuliidae - anatomy & histology
Simuliidae - genetics
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Summary:A species of Simulium in the Simulium melanopus species-group of the subgenus Simulium (formerly misidentified as S. laterale Edwards from Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia) is suspected to have dimorphic male scutal color patterns linked with different numbers of upper-eye facets. This study aimed to confirm whether or not these two forms of adult males represent a single species. DNA sequences generated from four genetic loci, the mitochondrial-encoded COI, COII, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes, of both forms of Simulium sp. males were compared with each other and also with those of the females and larvae of the same species. Four other related Simulium spp. were also used for comparison. Both the concatenated dataset and single-locus phylogenetic analyses indicate that the two distinct morphological males of Simulium sp. are indeed conspecific, and represent, together with their associated females and larvae, a distinct species. Based on DNA analyses, Simulium sp. is proven to show dimorphism in males and is herein described as a new species, Simulium mirum Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Low. This is the first report of such a novel species among the family Simuliidae.
ISSN:1756-3305
1756-3305
DOI:10.1186/s13071-016-1393-9