Developmental Programming, a Pathway to Disease

Accumulating evidence suggests that insults occurring during the perinatal period alter the developmental trajectory of the fetus/offspring leading to long-term detrimental outcomes that often culminate in adult pathologies. These perinatal insults include maternal/fetal disease states, nutritional...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Endocrinology (Philadelphia) 2016-04, Vol.157 (4), p.1328-1340
Main Authors: Padmanabhan, Vasantha, Cardoso, Rodolfo C, Puttabyatappa, Muraly
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Developmental stages
Disease Models, Animal
Environmental Pollutants - poisoning
Female
Fetal Development - physiology
Fetuses
Humans
Maternal Exposure - adverse effects
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Minireview
Nutrient deficiency
Offspring
Perinatal exposure
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - etiology
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - physiopathology
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Summary:Accumulating evidence suggests that insults occurring during the perinatal period alter the developmental trajectory of the fetus/offspring leading to long-term detrimental outcomes that often culminate in adult pathologies. These perinatal insults include maternal/fetal disease states, nutritional deficits/excess, stress, lifestyle choices, exposure to environmental chemicals, and medical interventions. In addition to reviewing the various insults that contribute to developmental programming and the benefits of animal models in addressing underlying mechanisms, this review focuses on the commonalities in disease outcomes stemming from various insults, the convergence of mechanistic pathways via which various insults can lead to common outcomes, and identifies the knowledge gaps in the field and future directions.
ISSN:0013-7227
1945-7170
DOI:10.1210/en.2016-1003