Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symp...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of hepatology 2016-04, Vol.8 (10), p.471-484
Main Authors: Kim, Jin Un, Shariff, Mohamed I F, Crossey, Mary M E, Gomez-Romero, Maria, Holmes, Elaine, Cox, I Jane, Fye, Haddy K S, Njie, Ramou, Taylor-Robinson, Simon D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
carcinoma
Biomarker
Metabonomics
Warburg
Hepatocellular
hypothesis
Serum
Plasma
Urine
Review
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symptomatic individuals is crucial. International guidelines advise regular surveillance of high-risk populations but the current tools lack sufficient sensitivity for early stage tumors on the background of a cirrhotic nodular liver. A number of novel biomarkers have now been suggested in the literature, which may reinforce the current surveillance methods. In addition, recent metabonomic and proteomic discoveries have established specific metabolite expressions in HCC, according to Warburg’s phenomenon of altered energy metabolism. With clinical validation, a simple and non-invasive test from the serum or urine may be performed to diagnose HCC, particularly benefiting low resource regions where the burden of HCC is highest.
ISSN:1948-5182
1948-5182
DOI:10.4254/wjh.v8.i10.471