Abnormalities in the basement membrane structure promote basal keratinocytes in the epidermis of hypertrophic scars to adopt a proliferative phenotype

The majority of studies on scar formation have mainly focused on the dermis and little is known of the involvement of the epidermis. Previous research has demonstrated that the scar tissue-derived keratinocytes are different from normal cells at both the genetic and cell biological levels; however,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular medicine 2016-05, Vol.37 (5), p.1263-1273
Main Authors: YANG, SHAOWEI, SUN, YEXIAO, GENG, ZHIJUN, MA, KUI, SUN, XIAOYAN, FU, XIAOBING
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
basement membrane
Cicatrices
Collagen
Cytokines
Fibroblasts
Gene expression
Genotype & phenotype
Hypotheses
Immunoglobulins
Keratin
keratinocyte
Keratinocytes
Males
Pathogenesis
Physiological aspects
proliferation
Properties
Recruitment
scar
Scars
Skin
Stem cells
Wound healing
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Summary:The majority of studies on scar formation have mainly focused on the dermis and little is known of the involvement of the epidermis. Previous research has demonstrated that the scar tissue-derived keratinocytes are different from normal cells at both the genetic and cell biological levels; however, the mechanisms responsible for the fundamental abnormalities in keratinocytes during scar development remain elusive. For this purpose, in this study, we used normal, wound edge and hypertrophic scar tissue to examine the morphological changes which occur during epidermal regeneration as part of the wound healing process and found that the histological structure of hypertrophic scar tissues differed from that of normal skin, with a significant increase in epidermal thickness. Notably, staining of the basement membrane (BM) appeared to be absent in the scar tissues. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining for cytokeratin (CK)10, CK14, CK5, CK19 and integrin-β1 indicated the differential expression of cell markers in the epidermal keratinocytes among the normal, wound edge and hypertrophic scar tissues, which corresponded with the altered BM structures. By using a panel of proteins associated with BM components, we validated our hypothesis that the BM plays a significant role in regulating the cell fate decision of epidermal keratinocytes during skin wound healing. Alterations in the structure of the BM promote basal keratinocytes to adopt a proliferative phenotype both in vivo and in vitro.
ISSN:1107-3756
1791-244X
DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2016.2519