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Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis neurona strains from opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) and intermediate hosts from Central California
Sarcocystis neurona is a significant cause of neurological disease in horses and other animals, including the threatened Southern sea otter ( Enhydra lutris nereis). Opossums ( Didelphis virginiana), the only known definitive hosts for S. neurona in North America, are an introduced species in Califo...
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| Published in: | Veterinary parasitology 2010-05, Vol.170 (1), p.20-29 |
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| creator | Rejmanek, Daniel Miller, Melissa A. Grigg, Michael E. Crosbie, Paul R. Conrad, Patricia A. |
| description | Sarcocystis neurona is a significant cause of neurological disease in horses and other animals, including the threatened Southern sea otter (
Enhydra lutris nereis). Opossums (
Didelphis virginiana), the only known definitive hosts for
S. neurona in North America, are an introduced species in California.
S. neurona DNA isolated from sporocysts and/or infected tissues of 10 opossums, 6 horses, 1 cat, 23 Southern sea otters, and 1 harbor porpoise (
Phocoena phocoena) with natural infections was analyzed based on 15 genetic markers, including the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) region; the 25/396 marker;
S. neurona surface antigen genes (snSAGs) 2, 3, and 4; and 10 different microsatellites. Based on phylogenetic analysis, most of the
S. neurona strains segregated into three genetically distinct groups. Additionally, fifteen
S. neurona samples from opossums and several intermediate hosts, including sea otters and horses, were found to be genetically identical across all 15 genetic markers, indicating that fatal encephalitis in Southern sea otters and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses is strongly linked to
S. neurona sporocysts shed by opossums. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.045 |
| format | article |
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Enhydra lutris nereis). Opossums (
Didelphis virginiana), the only known definitive hosts for
S. neurona in North America, are an introduced species in California.
S. neurona DNA isolated from sporocysts and/or infected tissues of 10 opossums, 6 horses, 1 cat, 23 Southern sea otters, and 1 harbor porpoise (
Phocoena phocoena) with natural infections was analyzed based on 15 genetic markers, including the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) region; the 25/396 marker;
S. neurona surface antigen genes (snSAGs) 2, 3, and 4; and 10 different microsatellites. Based on phylogenetic analysis, most of the
S. neurona strains segregated into three genetically distinct groups. Additionally, fifteen
S. neurona samples from opossums and several intermediate hosts, including sea otters and horses, were found to be genetically identical across all 15 genetic markers, indicating that fatal encephalitis in Southern sea otters and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses is strongly linked to
S. neurona sporocysts shed by opossums.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-4017</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.045</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20226596</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan - chemistry ; Antigens, Protozoan - genetics ; Base Sequence ; California - epidemiology ; cat diseases ; cats ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Didelphis virginiana ; DNA, Protozoan - chemistry ; DNA, Protozoan - genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics ; Enhydra lutris ; Genetic marker ; genetic markers ; horse diseases ; horses ; hosts ; isolation ; microbial genetics ; Microsatellite ; microsatellite repeats ; Microsatellite Repeats - genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana) ; Opossums - parasitology ; Otters - parasitology ; Phocoena phocoena ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary ; Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics ; Sarcocystis - classification ; Sarcocystis - genetics ; Sarcocystis - isolation & purification ; Sarcocystis neurona ; sarcocystosis ; Sarcocystosis - epidemiology ; Sarcocystosis - parasitology ; Sarcocystosis - veterinary ; Sea otter ( Enhydra lutris) ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; sporocysts (Protozoa) ; Surface antigen genes (SAGs) ; surface antigens ; wildlife diseases</subject><ispartof>Veterinary parasitology, 2010-05, Vol.170 (1), p.20-29</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>(c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c486t-59e247995b6a2a9650cbab89c44c52c8e16ec64f858c2045568136f89ef9f2103</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c486t-59e247995b6a2a9650cbab89c44c52c8e16ec64f858c2045568136f89ef9f2103</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20226596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rejmanek, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Melissa A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grigg, Michael E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crosbie, Paul R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conrad, Patricia A.</creatorcontrib><title>Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis neurona strains from opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) and intermediate hosts from Central California</title><title>Veterinary parasitology</title><addtitle>Vet Parasitol</addtitle><description>Sarcocystis neurona is a significant cause of neurological disease in horses and other animals, including the threatened Southern sea otter (
Enhydra lutris nereis). Opossums (
Didelphis virginiana), the only known definitive hosts for
S. neurona in North America, are an introduced species in California.
S. neurona DNA isolated from sporocysts and/or infected tissues of 10 opossums, 6 horses, 1 cat, 23 Southern sea otters, and 1 harbor porpoise (
Phocoena phocoena) with natural infections was analyzed based on 15 genetic markers, including the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) region; the 25/396 marker;
S. neurona surface antigen genes (snSAGs) 2, 3, and 4; and 10 different microsatellites. Based on phylogenetic analysis, most of the
S. neurona strains segregated into three genetically distinct groups. Additionally, fifteen
S. neurona samples from opossums and several intermediate hosts, including sea otters and horses, were found to be genetically identical across all 15 genetic markers, indicating that fatal encephalitis in Southern sea otters and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses is strongly linked to
S. neurona sporocysts shed by opossums.</description><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antigens, Protozoan - chemistry</subject><subject>Antigens, Protozoan - genetics</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>California - epidemiology</subject><subject>cat diseases</subject><subject>cats</subject><subject>Conservation of Natural Resources</subject><subject>Didelphis virginiana</subject><subject>DNA, Protozoan - chemistry</subject><subject>DNA, Protozoan - genetics</subject><subject>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry</subject><subject>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics</subject><subject>Enhydra lutris</subject><subject>Genetic marker</subject><subject>genetic markers</subject><subject>horse diseases</subject><subject>horses</subject><subject>hosts</subject><subject>isolation</subject><subject>microbial genetics</subject><subject>Microsatellite</subject><subject>microsatellite repeats</subject><subject>Microsatellite Repeats - genetics</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana)</subject><subject>Opossums - parasitology</subject><subject>Otters - parasitology</subject><subject>Phocoena phocoena</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics</subject><subject>Sarcocystis - classification</subject><subject>Sarcocystis - genetics</subject><subject>Sarcocystis - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Sarcocystis neurona</subject><subject>sarcocystosis</subject><subject>Sarcocystosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Sarcocystosis - parasitology</subject><subject>Sarcocystosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Sea otter ( Enhydra lutris)</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>sporocysts (Protozoa)</subject><subject>Surface antigen genes (SAGs)</subject><subject>surface antigens</subject><subject>wildlife diseases</subject><issn>0304-4017</issn><issn>1873-2550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc9uEzEYxFcIREPhDRD4Bhw22F7ba1-QUCh_pCIOpWfri_Nt4mjXDvZupPIQPHNdbajKhZMPnhn_PFNVLxldMsrU-_3yiOMB0pJTapaML6mQj6oF021Tcynp42pBGypqQVl7Vj3LeU8pFVS1T6szTjlX0qhF9ed77NFNPSTidpDAjZj8bxh9DCR25AqSi-4mjz6TgFOKAUgeE_iQSZfiQOIh5jwNmbwln_wG-8OuKI8-bX3wEOAdgbAhPpTUATceRiS7mMeTeYWhZPVkBb3vYiqO59WTDvqML07neXX9-eLn6mt9-ePLt9XHy9oJrcZaGuSiNUauFXAwSlK3hrU2TggnudPIFDolOi2146UXqTRrVKcNdqbjjDbn1Yc59zCtC5ibQewh-QHSjY3g7b83we_sNh6t0K1WhpWAN6eAFH9NmEc7-Oyw7yFgnLJtm0byVvC2KMWsdKlUlbC7f4VRe7ek3dt5SXu3pGXcFuJie_WQ8N70d7oieD0LOogWtslne33FKWso06Ix5sEnsTR59Jhsdh6DK0MkdKPdRP9_hlt7tr8e</recordid><startdate>20100528</startdate><enddate>20100528</enddate><creator>Rejmanek, Daniel</creator><creator>Miller, Melissa A.</creator><creator>Grigg, Michael E.</creator><creator>Crosbie, Paul R.</creator><creator>Conrad, Patricia A.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100528</creationdate><title>Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis neurona strains from opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) and intermediate hosts from Central California</title><author>Rejmanek, Daniel ; Miller, Melissa A. ; Grigg, Michael E. ; Crosbie, Paul R. ; Conrad, Patricia A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c486t-59e247995b6a2a9650cbab89c44c52c8e16ec64f858c2045568136f89ef9f2103</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antigens, Protozoan - chemistry</topic><topic>Antigens, Protozoan - genetics</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>California - epidemiology</topic><topic>cat diseases</topic><topic>cats</topic><topic>Conservation of Natural Resources</topic><topic>Didelphis virginiana</topic><topic>DNA, Protozoan - chemistry</topic><topic>DNA, Protozoan - genetics</topic><topic>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry</topic><topic>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics</topic><topic>Enhydra lutris</topic><topic>Genetic marker</topic><topic>genetic markers</topic><topic>horse diseases</topic><topic>horses</topic><topic>hosts</topic><topic>isolation</topic><topic>microbial genetics</topic><topic>Microsatellite</topic><topic>microsatellite repeats</topic><topic>Microsatellite Repeats - genetics</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana)</topic><topic>Opossums - parasitology</topic><topic>Otters - parasitology</topic><topic>Phocoena phocoena</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics</topic><topic>Sarcocystis - classification</topic><topic>Sarcocystis - genetics</topic><topic>Sarcocystis - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Sarcocystis neurona</topic><topic>sarcocystosis</topic><topic>Sarcocystosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Sarcocystosis - parasitology</topic><topic>Sarcocystosis - veterinary</topic><topic>Sea otter ( Enhydra lutris)</topic><topic>Sequence Alignment</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>sporocysts (Protozoa)</topic><topic>Surface antigen genes (SAGs)</topic><topic>surface antigens</topic><topic>wildlife diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rejmanek, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Melissa A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grigg, Michael E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crosbie, Paul R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conrad, Patricia A.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Veterinary parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rejmanek, Daniel</au><au>Miller, Melissa A.</au><au>Grigg, Michael E.</au><au>Crosbie, Paul R.</au><au>Conrad, Patricia A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis neurona strains from opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) and intermediate hosts from Central California</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Parasitol</addtitle><date>2010-05-28</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>170</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>20</spage><epage>29</epage><pages>20-29</pages><issn>0304-4017</issn><eissn>1873-2550</eissn><abstract>Sarcocystis neurona is a significant cause of neurological disease in horses and other animals, including the threatened Southern sea otter (
Enhydra lutris nereis). Opossums (
Didelphis virginiana), the only known definitive hosts for
S. neurona in North America, are an introduced species in California.
S. neurona DNA isolated from sporocysts and/or infected tissues of 10 opossums, 6 horses, 1 cat, 23 Southern sea otters, and 1 harbor porpoise (
Phocoena phocoena) with natural infections was analyzed based on 15 genetic markers, including the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) region; the 25/396 marker;
S. neurona surface antigen genes (snSAGs) 2, 3, and 4; and 10 different microsatellites. Based on phylogenetic analysis, most of the
S. neurona strains segregated into three genetically distinct groups. Additionally, fifteen
S. neurona samples from opossums and several intermediate hosts, including sea otters and horses, were found to be genetically identical across all 15 genetic markers, indicating that fatal encephalitis in Southern sea otters and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses is strongly linked to
S. neurona sporocysts shed by opossums.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>20226596</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.045</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Veterinary parasitology, 2010-05, Vol.170 (1), p.20-29 |
| issn | 0304-4017 1873-2550 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4878691 |
| source | Elsevier |
| subjects | Amino Acid Sequence Animals Antigens, Protozoan - chemistry Antigens, Protozoan - genetics Base Sequence California - epidemiology cat diseases cats Conservation of Natural Resources Didelphis virginiana DNA, Protozoan - chemistry DNA, Protozoan - genetics DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics Enhydra lutris Genetic marker genetic markers horse diseases horses hosts isolation microbial genetics Microsatellite microsatellite repeats Microsatellite Repeats - genetics Molecular Sequence Data Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana) Opossums - parasitology Otters - parasitology Phocoena phocoena Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics Sarcocystis - classification Sarcocystis - genetics Sarcocystis - isolation & purification Sarcocystis neurona sarcocystosis Sarcocystosis - epidemiology Sarcocystosis - parasitology Sarcocystosis - veterinary Sea otter ( Enhydra lutris) Sequence Alignment Sequence Analysis, DNA sporocysts (Protozoa) Surface antigen genes (SAGs) surface antigens wildlife diseases |
| title | Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis neurona strains from opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) and intermediate hosts from Central California |
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