Spearhead Nanometric Field-Effect Transistor Sensors for Single-Cell Analysis

Nanometric field-effect-transistor (FET) sensors are made on the tip of spear-shaped dual carbon nanoelectrodes derived from carbon deposition inside double-barrel nanopipettes. The easy fabrication route allows deposition of semiconductors or conducting polymers to comprise the transistor channel....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS nano 2016-03, Vol.10 (3), p.3214-3221
Main Authors: Zhang, Yanjun, Clausmeyer, Jan, Babakinejad, Babak, López Córdoba, Ainara, Ali, Tayyibah, Shevchuk, Andrew, Takahashi, Yasufumi, Novak, Pavel, Edwards, Christopher, Lab, Max, Gopal, Sahana, Chiappini, Ciro, Anand, Uma, Magnani, Luca, Coombes, R. Charles, Gorelik, Julia, Matsue, Tomokazu, Schuhmann, Wolfgang, Klenerman, David, Sviderskaya, Elena V, Korchev, Yuri
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine Triphosphate - analysis
Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism
Biosensing Techniques - instrumentation
Cell Line, Tumor
Disulfides - chemistry
Electrodes
Enzymes, Immobilized - metabolism
Equipment Design
Hexokinase - metabolism
Humans
Molybdenum - chemistry
Nanostructures - chemistry
Nanostructures - ultrastructure
Polymers - chemistry
Pyrroles - chemistry
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - enzymology
Single-Cell Analysis - instrumentation
Transistors, Electronic
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Summary:Nanometric field-effect-transistor (FET) sensors are made on the tip of spear-shaped dual carbon nanoelectrodes derived from carbon deposition inside double-barrel nanopipettes. The easy fabrication route allows deposition of semiconductors or conducting polymers to comprise the transistor channel. A channel from electrodeposited poly pyrrole (PPy) exhibits high sensitivity toward pH changes. This property is exploited by immobilizing hexokinase on PPy nano-FETs to give rise to a selective ATP biosensor. Extracellular pH and ATP gradients are key biochemical constituents in the microenvironment of living cells; we monitor their real-time changes in relation to cancer cells and cardiomyocytes. The highly localized detection is possible because of the high aspect ratio and the spear-like design of the nano-FET probes. The accurately positioned nano-FET sensors can detect concentration gradients in three-dimensional space, identify biochemical properties of a single living cell, and after cell membrane penetration perform intracellular measurements.
ISSN:1936-0851
1936-086X
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.5b05211