Improved antifouling properties and selective biofunctionalization of stainless steel by employing heterobifunctional silane-polyethylene glycol overlayers and avidin-biotin technology

A straightforward solution-based method to modify the biofunctionality of stainless steel (SS) using heterobifunctional silane-polyethylene glycol (silane-PEG) overlayers is reported. Reduced nonspecific biofouling of both proteins and bacteria onto SS and further selective biofunctionalization of t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2016-07, Vol.6 (1), p.29324-29324, Article 29324
Main Authors: Hynninen, Ville, Vuori, Leena, Hannula, Markku, Tapio, Kosti, Lahtonen, Kimmo, Isoniemi, Tommi, Lehtonen, Elina, Hirsimäki, Mika, Toppari, J. Jussi, Valden, Mika, Hytönen, Vesa P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
14/19
14/34
14/35
140/146
631/326/46
639/301/54
639/638/298/54/990
Antifouling substances
Biofouling
Biotechnology
Biotin
E coli
Electrodes
Enzymes
Humanities and Social Sciences
Laboratories
multidisciplinary
Phosphatase
Polyethylene glycol
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Stainless steel
Sulfuric acid
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Summary:A straightforward solution-based method to modify the biofunctionality of stainless steel (SS) using heterobifunctional silane-polyethylene glycol (silane-PEG) overlayers is reported. Reduced nonspecific biofouling of both proteins and bacteria onto SS and further selective biofunctionalization of the modified surface were achieved. According to photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, the silane-PEGs formed less than 10 Å thick overlayers with close to 90% surface coverage and reproducible chemical compositions. Consequently, the surfaces also became more hydrophilic, and the observed non-specific biofouling of proteins was reduced by approximately 70%. In addition, the attachment of E. coli was reduced by more than 65%. Moreover, the potential of the overlayer to be further modified was demonstrated by successfully coupling biotinylated alkaline phosphatase (bAP) to a silane-PEG-biotin overlayer via avidin-biotin bridges. The activity of the immobilized enzyme was shown to be well preserved without compromising the achieved antifouling properties. Overall, the simple solution-based approach enables the tailoring of SS to enhance its activity for biomedical and biotechnological applications.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep29324