Hallmarks of Tissue-Resident Lymphocytes

Although they are classically viewed as continuously recirculating through the lymphoid organs and blood, lymphocytes also establish residency in non-lymphoid tissues, most prominently at barrier sites, including the mucosal surfaces and skin. These specialized tissue-resident lymphocyte subsets spa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell 2016-03, Vol.164 (6), p.1198-1211
Main Authors: Fan, Xiying, Rudensky, Alexander Y.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive Immunity
Animals
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Immunologic Memory
Infections - immunology
Lymphocytes - classification
Lymphocytes - cytology
Lymphocytes - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - cytology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
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Summary:Although they are classically viewed as continuously recirculating through the lymphoid organs and blood, lymphocytes also establish residency in non-lymphoid tissues, most prominently at barrier sites, including the mucosal surfaces and skin. These specialized tissue-resident lymphocyte subsets span the innate-adaptive continuum and include innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), unconventional T cells (e.g., NKT, MAIT, γδ T cells, and CD8αα+ IELs), and tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells. Although these diverse cell types differ in the particulars of their biology, they nonetheless exhibit important shared features, including a role in the preservation of tissue integrity and function during homeostasis, infection, and non-infectious perturbations. In this Review, we discuss the hallmarks of tissue-resident innate, innate-like, and adaptive lymphocytes, as well as their potential functions in non-lymphoid organs. Tissue-resident lymphocyte subsets span the innate-adaptive continuum but nonetheless exhibit shared features that allow them to communicate with the tissue microenvironment and to preserve tissue integrity and function during homeostasis, infection, and non-infectious perturbations.
ISSN:0092-8674
1097-4172
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.048