Development and evaluation of an interferon-γ release assay in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)

We developed an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) specific for Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Whole blood collected from forty captive Asian elephants was stimulated with three different mitogens i.e., phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokweed mitogen (PWM) and phorbol myristate aceteate/ionomycin (PMA/...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 2016, Vol.78(7), pp.1117-1121
Main Authors: PAUDEL, Sarad, VILLANUEVA, Marvin A., MIKOTA, Susan K., NAKAJIMA, Chie, GAIRHE, Kamal P., SUBEDI, Suraj, RAYAMAJHI, Nabin, SASHIKA, Mariko, SHIMOZURU, Michito, MATSUBA, Takashi, SUZUKI, Yasuhiko, TSUBOTA, Toshio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Asian elephant
Elephants - immunology
Female
Interferon-gamma Release Tests - methods
Interferon-gamma Release Tests - veterinary
interferon-γ
Male
mitogen
sandwich ELISA
Wildlife Science
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Summary:We developed an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) specific for Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Whole blood collected from forty captive Asian elephants was stimulated with three different mitogens i.e., phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokweed mitogen (PWM) and phorbol myristate aceteate/ionomycin (PMA/I). A sandwich ELISA that was able to recognize the recombinant elephant interferon-γ (rEIFN-γ) as well as native interferon-γ from the Asian elephants was performed using anti-elephant IFN-γ rabbit polyclonal antibodies as capture antibodies and biotinylated anti-elephant IFN-γ rabbit polyclonal antibodies as detection antibodies. PMA/I was the best mitogen to use as a positive control for an Asian elephant IGRA. The development of an Asian elephant-specific IGRA that detects native IFN-γ in elephant whole blood provides promising results for its application as a potential diagnostic tool for diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB) in Asian elephants.
ISSN:0916-7250
1347-7439
DOI:10.1292/jvms.15-0701