Influenza-Like Illness in a Community Surrounding a School-Based Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus—Chicago, Illinois, 2009

In April 2009, following the first school closure due to 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) in Chicago, Illinois, area hospitals were inundated with patients presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI). The extent of disease spread into the surrounding community was unclear. We performed a ho...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2011-01, Vol.52 (suppl_1), p.S94-S101
Main Authors: Janusz, Kristen B., Cortes, Jennifer E., Serdarevic, Fadila, Jones, Roderick C., Jones, Joshua D., Ritger, Kathleen A., Morita, Julie Y., Gerber, Susan I., Gallagher, L., Biggerstaff, Brad J., Hicks, Lauri A., Swerdlow, David L., Fischer, Marc, Staples, J. Erin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Chicago - epidemiology
Child
Child, Preschool
Communities
Disease Outbreaks
Diseases
Elementary schools
Epidemiology
Family Characteristics
Family Health
Female
H1N1 subtype influenza A virus
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - isolation & purification
Influenza, Human - epidemiology
Influenza, Human - virology
Male
Medical statistics
Middle Aged
Pandemics
Population Surveillance - methods
Prevalence
Qualitative research
Retirement communities
School surveys
Schools
Student absenteeism
Supplement
Swine flu
Viruses
Young Adult
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Summary:In April 2009, following the first school closure due to 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) in Chicago, Illinois, area hospitals were inundated with patients presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI). The extent of disease spread into the surrounding community was unclear. We performed a household survey to estimate the ILI attack rate among community residents and compared reported ILI with confirmed pH1N1 cases and ILI surveillance data (ie, hospital ILI visits, influenza testing, and school absenteeism). The estimated ILI attack rate was 4.6% (95% confidence interval, 2.8%-7.4%), with cases distributed throughout the 5-week study period. In contrast, 36 (84%) of 43 confirmed pH1N1 cases were identified the week of the school closure. Trends in surveillance data peaked during the same week and rapidly decreased to near baseline. Public awareness and health care practices impact standard ILI surveillance data. Community-based surveys are a valuable tool to help assess the burden of ILI in a community.
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1093/cid/ciq025