Effect of polymorphisms in the CD36 and STAT3 genes on different dietary interventions among patients with coronary artery disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

• Published in: Current controlled trials in cardiovascular medicine 2016-09, Vol.17 (1), p.437, Article 437
• Main Authors: Portal, Vera Lucia, Markoski, Melissa Medeiros, Quadros, Alexandre Schaan de, Garofallo, Sílvia, Santos, Julia Lorenzon Dos, Oliveira, Aline, Wechenfelder, Camila, Campos, Viviane Paiva de, Souza, Priscilla Azambuja Lopes de, Machado, Luana, Marcadenti, Aline
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis; Angina pectoris; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Brazil; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Carya; CD36 Antigens - genetics; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Clinical Protocols; Clinical trials; Coronary Artery Disease - blood; Coronary Artery Disease - diagnosis; Coronary Artery Disease - diet therapy; Coronary Artery Disease - genetics; Coronary heart disease; Coronary vessels; Diagnosis; Diet; Diet, Mediterranean; Educational materials; Fatty acids; Female; Gene-Environment Interaction; Genes; Genotype; Glycated Hemoglobin - metabolism; Health aspects; Heart attacks; Humans; Inflammation Mediators - blood; Informed consent; Insulin - blood; Male; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Mortality; Nutrition research; Nutritional aspects; Nuts; Obesity; Oils & fats; Oilseeds; Olive Oil; Phenotype; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Questionnaires; Research Design; Risk factors; STAT3 Transcription Factor - genetics; Study Protocol; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vein & artery diseases; Weight control
• ISSN: 1745-6215; 1745-6215
• DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1564-1

Cardiovascular disease has become a major health problem, and it has been associated with both environmental and genetic factors. Studies have shown that the Mediterranean Diet (MeDiet), or its components such as nuts and olive oil, may be strongly associated with the improvement of cardiovascular risk factors in specific populations. The purpose of the GENUTRI study is to investigate the interaction of genetics with cardiovascular risk factors in a non-Mediterranean population with coronary artery disease (CAD) according to three different diets: rich in pecan nuts, in extra-virgin olive oil or a control diet. The GENUTRI study is a single-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 12-week pragmatic clinical trial conducted in patients aged 40 to 80 years and diagnosed with CAD. A standardized questionnaire will be applied to data collection and a blood sample will be obtained for lipid, glycemic and inflammatory profile evaluation. Polymorphisms in the CD36 and STAT3 genes will be detected using the TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assay. Patients will be allocated in three groups: group 1: 30 g/day of pecan nuts; group 2: 30 ml/day of olive oil; and group 3: control diet. The primary outcome will consist of changes in LDL-cholesterol (in mg/dl) after 12 weeks of intervention. Studies have shown the beneficial effects of diets rich in nuts and olive oil mainly in the Mediterranean population. GENUTRI is a clinical trial focusing on the effects of nuts or olive oil supplementation in Brazilian individuals. Additionally, we will try to demonstrate that genetic polymorphisms linked to cardiovascular disease may modulate the effects of different diets on biochemical and inflammatory markers among these subjects. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02202265 (registered on 18 July 2014: first version).