Joint angles and angular velocities and relevance of eigenvectors during prehension in the monkey

Hand shaping during prehension involves intricate coordination of a complex system of bones, joints, and muscles. It is widely hypothesized that the motor system uses strategies to reduce the degrees of independent control. Both biomechanical constraints that result in coupling of the fingers and jo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental brain research 2015-02, Vol.233 (2), p.339-350
Main Authors: Prosise, Jodi F., Hendrix, Claudia M., Ebner, Timothy J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomechanics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Control
Eigenvalues
Eigenvectors
Hand
Hand - innervation
Hand Joints - physiology
Hand Strength - physiology
Macaca mulatta
Monkeys & apes
Motion control
Movement - physiology
Neurology
Neurosciences
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Primates
Psychomotor Performance - physiology
Research Article
Velocity
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Summary:Hand shaping during prehension involves intricate coordination of a complex system of bones, joints, and muscles. It is widely hypothesized that the motor system uses strategies to reduce the degrees of independent control. Both biomechanical constraints that result in coupling of the fingers and joints and neural synergies act to simplify the control problem. Synergies in hand shaping are typically defined using principal component-like analyses to define orthogonal patterns of movement. Although much less examined, joint angle velocities are also important parameters governing prehension. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate joint angles and joint angle velocities during prehension in monkeys. Fourteen joint angles and angular velocities were measured as monkeys reached to and grasped a set of objects designed to systematically vary hand shapes. Hand shaping patterns in joint angles and velocities were examined using singular value decomposition (SVD). Highly correlated patterns of movements were observed in both joint angles and joint angle velocities, but there was little correlation between the two, suggesting that velocities are controlled separately. Joint angles and velocities can be defined by a small number of eigenvectors by SVD. The unresolved question of the functional relevance of higher-order eigenvectors was also evaluated. Results support that higher-order components are not easily distinguished from noise and are likely not of physiological significance.
ISSN:0014-4819
1432-1106
DOI:10.1007/s00221-014-4117-4