Environmental factors in autoimmune diseases and their role in multiple sclerosis

An increase in autoimmune diseases poses a socioeconomic challenge worldwide. Predisposing genetic risk has been identified, yet environmental factors make up a significant part of the risk in disease initiation and propagation. Next to improved hygiene and a gross reduction of infections, changes i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2016-12, Vol.73 (24), p.4611-4622
Main Authors: Jörg, Stefanie, Grohme, Diana A., Erzler, Melanie, Binsfeld, Marilene, Haghikia, Aiden, Müller, Dominik N., Linker, Ralf A., Kleinewietfeld, Markus
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Environment
Environmental factors
Facteurs environnementaux
Fatty Acids - adverse effects
Genetics
Homeostasis
Human health sciences
Humans
Immunologie & maladie infectieuse
Immunology & infectious disease
Life Sciences
Lymphocytes - immunology
Maladies autoimmunes
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - etiology
Multiple Sclerosis - immunology
Review
Risk Factors
Sciences de la santé humaine
Sclérose en plaques
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Summary:An increase in autoimmune diseases poses a socioeconomic challenge worldwide. Predisposing genetic risk has been identified, yet environmental factors make up a significant part of the risk in disease initiation and propagation. Next to improved hygiene and a gross reduction of infections, changes in dietary habits are one of the most evident Western lifestyle factors potentially associated with the increase in autoimmune diseases. Growing evidence suggests that particularly a typical ‘Western diet’, rich in saturated fat and salt and related pathologies can have a profound impact on local and systemic immune responses under physiologic and autoimmune conditions such as in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review, we discuss recent findings on environmental factors influencing autoimmunity with an emphasis on the impact of ‘Western diet’ on immune homeostasis and gut microbiota in MS.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-016-2311-1