Bridging the Nomothetic and Idiographic Approaches to the Analysis of Clinical Data

The nomothetic approach (i.e., the study of interindividual variation) dominates analyses of clinical data, even though its assumption of homogeneity across people and time is often violated. The idiographic approach (i.e., the study of intraindividual variation) is best suited for analyses of heter...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Assessment (Odessa, Fla.) Fla.), 2016-08, Vol.23 (4), p.447-458
Main Authors: Beltz, Adriene M., Wright, Aidan G. C., Sprague, Briana N., Molenaar, Peter C. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological Variation, Population
Female
Humans
Individuality
Male
Mathematics
Models, Psychological
Personality Disorders - psychology
Statistics as Topic - methods
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Summary:The nomothetic approach (i.e., the study of interindividual variation) dominates analyses of clinical data, even though its assumption of homogeneity across people and time is often violated. The idiographic approach (i.e., the study of intraindividual variation) is best suited for analyses of heterogeneous clinical data, but its person-specific methods and results have been criticized as unwieldy. Group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME) combines the assets of the nomothetic and idiographic approaches by creating person-specific maps that contain a group-level structure. The maps show how intensively measured variables predict and are predicted by each other at different time scales. In this article, GIMME is introduced conceptually and mathematically, and then applied to an empirical data set containing the negative affect, detachment, disinhibition, and hostility composite ratings from the daily diaries of 25 individuals with personality pathology. Results are discussed with the aim of elucidating GIMME’s potential for clinical research and practice.
ISSN:1073-1911
1552-3489
DOI:10.1177/1073191116648209