Socioecological correlates of clinical signs in two communities of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania

Disease and other health hazards pose serious threats to the persistence of wild ape populations. The total chimpanzee population at Gombe National Park, Tanzania, has declined from an estimated 120 to 150 individuals in the 1960's to around 100 individuals by the end of 2013, with death associ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of primatology 2018-01, Vol.80 (1), p.n/a
Main Authors: Lonsdorf, Elizabeth V., Gillespie, Thomas R., Wolf, Tiffany M., Lipende, Iddi, Raphael, Jane, Bakuza, Jared, Murray, Carson M., Wilson, Michael L., Kamenya, Shadrack, Mjungu, Deus, Collins, D. Anthony, Gilby, Ian C., Stanton, Margaret A., Terio, Karen A., Barbian, Hannah J., Li, Yingying, Ramirez, Miguel, Krupnick, Alexander, Seidl, Emily, Goodall, Jane, Hahn, Beatrice H., Pusey, Anne E., Travis, Dominic A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abnormalities
Adults
Age Factors
Animal populations
Animals
Apes
Body weight loss
Chimpanzees
clinical signs
Communities
Community
Cough reflex
Demographics
Demography
Diarrhea
Diarrhea - veterinary
disease
Dominance
Females
Gastrointestinal system
Health hazards
Health problems
Health risks
Health Status
health‐monitoring
Infections
Lesions
Longitudinal Studies
Males
National parks
Pan troglodytes
Pan troglodytes - injuries
Population
Prevalence
Primates
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory system
Respiratory Tract Diseases - veterinary
Sex Factors
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - epidemiology
Skin
Skin Diseases - veterinary
Sneezing
Social Dominance
Social factors
Tanzania
Viruses
Weight Loss
Wounding
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Summary:Disease and other health hazards pose serious threats to the persistence of wild ape populations. The total chimpanzee population at Gombe National Park, Tanzania, has declined from an estimated 120 to 150 individuals in the 1960's to around 100 individuals by the end of 2013, with death associated with observable signs of disease as the leading cause of mortality. In 2004, we began a non‐invasive health‐monitoring program in the two habituated communities in the park (Kasekela and Mitumba) with the aim of understanding the prevalence of health issues in the population, and identifying the presence and impacts of various pathogens. Here we present prospectively collected data on clinical signs (observable changes in health) in the chimpanzees of the Kasekela (n = 81) and Mitumba (n = 32) communities over an 8‐year period (2005–2012). First, we take a population approach and analyze prevalence of clinical signs in five different categories: gastrointestinal system (diarrhea), body condition (estimated weight loss), respiratory system (coughing, sneezing etc.), wounds/lameness, and dermatologic issues by year, month, and community membership. Mean monthly prevalence of each clinical sign per community varied, but typically affected
ISSN:0275-2565
1098-2345
DOI:10.1002/ajp.22562