Prevalence of HIV Among U.S. Female Sex Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Although female sex workers are known to be vulnerable to HIV infection, little is known about the epidemiology of HIV infection among this high-risk population in the United States. We systematically identified and critically assessed published studies reporting HIV prevalence among female sex work...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:AIDS and behavior 2016-10, Vol.20 (10), p.2318-2331
Main Authors: Paz-Bailey, Gabriela, Noble, Meredith, Salo, Kathryn, Tregear, Stephen J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adult
AIDS
Data collection
English language
Epidemiology
Female
Females
Health Psychology
Heterogeneity
HIV
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infectious Diseases
Lentivirus
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Original Paper
Population (statistical)
Prevalence
Prostitution
Public Health
Retroviridae
Risk groups
Sex
Sex industry
Sex Workers - statistics & numerical data
Sexual Behavior
Sexually transmitted diseases
STD
Systematic review
United States - epidemiology
Vulnerability
Vulnerable Populations
Workers
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Summary:Although female sex workers are known to be vulnerable to HIV infection, little is known about the epidemiology of HIV infection among this high-risk population in the United States. We systematically identified and critically assessed published studies reporting HIV prevalence among female sex workers in the United States. We searched for and included original English-language articles reporting data on the prevalence of HIV as determined by testing at least 50 females who exchanged sexual practices for money or drugs. We did not apply any restrictions on date of publication. We included 14 studies from 1987 to 2013 that reported HIV prevalence for a total of 3975 adult female sex workers. Only two of the 14 studies were conducted in the last 10 years. The pooled estimate of HIV prevalence was 17.3 % (95 % CI 13.5–21.9 %); however, the prevalence of HIV across individual studies varied considerably (ranging from 0.3 to 32 %) and statistical heterogeneity was substantial (I 2  = 0.89, Q = 123; p 
ISSN:1090-7165
1573-3254
DOI:10.1007/s10461-016-1332-y