Lentivirus restriction by diverse primate APOBEC3A proteins

• Published in: Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2013-07, Vol.442 (1), p.82-96
• Main Authors: Schmitt, Kimberly, Guo, Kejun, Katuwal, Miki, Wilson, Darayu, Prochnow, Courtney, Bransteitter, Ronda, Chen, Xiaojiang S, Santiago, Mario L, Stephens, Edward B
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; APOBEC3A; Cell Line; Cercopithecus aethiops; Colobus; Cytidine Deaminase - genetics; Cytidine Deaminase - metabolism; HIV Infections - virology; HIV-1; HIV-1 - pathogenicity; HIV-1 - physiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1; Humans; Infectious Disease; Lentivirus; Lentivirus - pathogenicity; Lentivirus - physiology; Macaca mulatta; Macaca mulatta - virology; Pathogenesis; Primates; Primates - virology; Proteins - genetics; Proteins - metabolism; Saimiri; SHIV primates; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - virology; Simian immunodeficiency virus; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - metabolism; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - pathogenicity; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - physiology; Virus Replication; Virus restriction
• ISSN: 0042-6822; 1096-0341
• DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.04.002

Abstract Rhesus macaque APOBEC3A (rhA3A) is capable of restricting both simian–human immunodeficiency virus (SHIVΔ vif ) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1Δ vif ) to a greater extent than hA3A. We constructed chimeric A3A proteins to define the domains required for differential lentivirus restriction. Substitution of amino acids 25–33 from rhA3A into hA3A was sufficient to restrict HIVΔ vif to levels similar to rhA3A restriction of SHIVΔ vif . We tested if differential lentivirus restriction is conserved between A3A from Old World monkey and hominid lineages. A3A from African green monkey restricted SHIVΔ vif but not HIV-1Δ vif and colobus monkey A3A restricted both wild type and SHIVΔ vif and HIV-1Δ vif . In contrast, the gibbon ape A3A restricted neither SHIVΔ vif nor HIV-1Δ vif . Restriction of SHIVΔ vif and HIV-1Δ vif by New World monkey A3A proteins was not conserved as the A3A from the squirrel monkey but not the northern owl monkey restricted SHIVΔ vif . Finally, the colobus A3A protein appears to restrict by a novel post-entry mechanism.