Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax in Indonesia

Endemic malaria occurs across much of the vast Indonesian archipelago. All five species of Plasmodium known to naturally infect humans occur here, along with 20 species of Anopheles mosquitoes confirmed as carriers of malaria. Two species of plasmodia cause the overwhelming majority and virtually eq...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2016-12, Vol.95 (6 Suppl), p.121-132
Main Authors: Surjadjaja, Claudia, Surya, Asik, Baird, J Kevin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Animal Distribution
Animals
Anopheles - parasitology
Anopheles - physiology
Antimalarials - therapeutic use
Child
Child, Preschool
Disease Outbreaks
Ecosystem
Humans
Indonesia - epidemiology
Infant
Malaria, Vivax - drug therapy
Malaria, Vivax - epidemiology
Plasmodium vivax
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Endemic malaria occurs across much of the vast Indonesian archipelago. All five species of Plasmodium known to naturally infect humans occur here, along with 20 species of Anopheles mosquitoes confirmed as carriers of malaria. Two species of plasmodia cause the overwhelming majority and virtually equal shares of malaria infections in Indonesia: Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax The challenge posed by P. vivax is especially steep in Indonesia because chloroquine-resistant strains predominate, along with Chesson-like strains that relapse quickly and multiple times at short intervals in almost all patients. Indonesia's hugely diverse human population carries many variants of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, most of them exhibiting severely impaired enzyme activity. Therefore, the patients most likely to benefit from primaquine therapy by preventing aggressive relapse, may also be most likely to suffer harm without G6PD deficiency screening. Indonesia faces the challenge of controlling and eventually eliminating malaria across > 13,500 islands stretching > 5,000 km and an enormous diversity of ecological, ethnographic, and socioeconomic settings, and extensive human migrations. This article describes the occurrence of P. vivax in Indonesia and the obstacles faced in eliminating its transmission.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.16-0093