Comparative Evaluation of Four Phenotypic Tests for Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria

• Published in: Journal of clinical microbiology 2017-02, Vol.55 (2), p.510-518
• Main Authors: Noël, Audrey, Huang, Te-Din, Berhin, Catherine, Hoebeke, Martin, Bouchahrouf, Warda, Yunus, Sami, Bogaerts, Pierre, Glupczynski, Youri
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter - enzymology; Acinetobacter - isolation & purification; Bacteria; Bacterial Proteins - analysis; Bacteriological Techniques - methods; Bacteriology; beta-Lactamases - analysis; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae - enzymology; Enterobacteriaceae - isolation & purification; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - diagnosis; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Humans; Mass Screening - methods; Prospective Studies; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas - enzymology; Pseudomonas - isolation & purification; Sensitivity and Specificity
• ISSN: 0095-1137; 1098-660X
• DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01853-16

Four screening assays aimed for rapid detection of carbapenemase production from Gram-negative bacterial isolates, i.e., the Neo-Rapid Carb kit (Rosco Diagnostica A/S), the Rapidec Carba NP test (bioMérieux SA), the β Carba test (Bio-Rad Laboratories N.V.), and a homemade electrochemical assay (BYG Carba test) were evaluated against a panel comprising 328 clinical isolates (Enterobacteriaceae [n = 198] and nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli [n = 130]) with previously characterized resistance mechanisms to carbapenems. Among Enterobacteriaceae isolates, the BYG Carba test and the β Carba test showed excellent sensitivities (respectively, 100% and 97.3%) and specificities (respectively, 98.9% and 97.7%). The two other assays yielded poorer performances with sensitivity and specificity of 91.9% and 83.9% for the Rapidec Carba NP test and of 89.2% and 89.7% for the Neo-Rapid Carb kit, respectively. Among Pseudomonas spp., sensitivities and specificities ranged, respectively, from 87.3% to 92.7% and from 88.2% to 94.1%. Finally, all tests performed poorly against Acinetobacter spp., with sensitivities and specificities, respectively, ranging from 27.3% to 75.8% and from 75 to 100%. Among commercially available assays, the β Carba test appeared to be the most convenient for routine use and showed the best overall performances, especially against OXA-48-like producers. The excellent performance of the BYG Carba test against Enterobacteriaceae was confirmed (100% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity).