Cytokines and growth factors in the developing intestine and during necrotizing enterocolitis

Abstract Cytokines and growth factors play diverse roles in the uninflamed fetal/neonatal intestinal mucosa and in the development of inflammatory bowel injury during necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). During gestational development and the early neonatal period, the fetal/premature intestine is expos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in perinatology 2017-02, Vol.41 (1), p.52-60
Main Authors: MohanKumar, Krishnan, Namachivayam, Kopperuncholan, Ho, Thao T.B, Torres, Benjamin A, Ohls, Robin K, Maheshwari, Akhil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Disease Susceptibility - immunology
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - immunology
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - metabolism
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - physiopathology
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental - immunology
Growth factors
Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor - metabolism
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight
Infant, Extremely Premature
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature, Diseases - immunology
Infant, Premature, Diseases - metabolism
Infant, Premature, Diseases - physiopathology
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Intestinal injury
Intestinal Mucosa - immunology
Intestinal Mucosa - physiopathology
NEC
Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine
Prevention
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Summary:Abstract Cytokines and growth factors play diverse roles in the uninflamed fetal/neonatal intestinal mucosa and in the development of inflammatory bowel injury during necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). During gestational development and the early neonatal period, the fetal/premature intestine is exposed to high levels of many “inflammatory” cytokines and growth factors, first via swallowed amniotic fluid in utero and then, after birth, in colostrum and mother’s milk. This article reviews the dual, seemingly counter-intuitive roles of cytokines, where these agents play a “trophic” role and promote maturation of the uninflamed mucosa, but can also cause inflammation and promote intestinal injury during NEC.
ISSN:0146-0005
1558-075X
DOI:10.1053/j.semperi.2016.09.018