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Metal Halide Solid-State Surface Treatment for High Efficiency PbS and PbSe QD Solar Cells
We developed a layer-by-layer method of preparing PbE (E = S or Se) quantum dot (QD) solar cells using metal halide (PbI 2 , PbCl 2 , CdI 2 , or CdCl 2 ) salts dissolved in dimethylformamide to displace oleate surface ligands and form conductive QD solids. The resulting QD solids have a significant...
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| Published in: | Scientific reports 2015-04, Vol.5 (1), p.9945-9945, Article 9945 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| creator | Crisp, Ryan W. Kroupa, Daniel M. Marshall, Ashley R. Miller, Elisa M. Zhang, Jianbing Beard, Matthew C. Luther, Joseph M. |
| description | We developed a layer-by-layer method of preparing PbE (E = S or Se) quantum dot (QD) solar cells using metal halide (PbI
2
, PbCl
2
, CdI
2
, or CdCl
2
) salts dissolved in dimethylformamide to displace oleate surface ligands and form conductive QD solids. The resulting QD solids have a significant reduction in the carbon content compared to films treated with thiols and organic halides. We find that the PbI
2
treatment is the most successful in removing alkyl surface ligands and also replaces most surface bound Cl
-
with I
-
. The treatment protocol results in PbS QD films exhibiting a deeper work function and band positions than other ligand exchanges reported previously. The method developed here produces solar cells that perform well even at film thicknesses approaching a micron, indicating improved carrier transport in the QD films. We demonstrate QD solar cells based on PbI
2
with power conversion efficiencies above 7%. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/srep09945 |
| format | article |
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2
, PbCl
2
, CdI
2
, or CdCl
2
) salts dissolved in dimethylformamide to displace oleate surface ligands and form conductive QD solids. The resulting QD solids have a significant reduction in the carbon content compared to films treated with thiols and organic halides. We find that the PbI
2
treatment is the most successful in removing alkyl surface ligands and also replaces most surface bound Cl
-
with I
-
. The treatment protocol results in PbS QD films exhibiting a deeper work function and band positions than other ligand exchanges reported previously. The method developed here produces solar cells that perform well even at film thicknesses approaching a micron, indicating improved carrier transport in the QD films. We demonstrate QD solar cells based on PbI
2
with power conversion efficiencies above 7%.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/srep09945</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25910183</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>140/146 ; 639/301/299/946 ; 639/925/357/1017 ; Chlorides ; Dimethylformamide ; Halides ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; ligand exchange ; Ligands ; multidisciplinary ; nanocrystals ; NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY ; Photovoltaic cells ; Quantum dots ; quantum dots (QD) ; Salts ; Science ; Solar cells ; SOLAR ENERGY ; Thiols</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2015-04, Vol.5 (1), p.9945-9945, Article 9945</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2015</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Apr 2015</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c531t-a9454dea769a8391a569fa312b090614171fd1f1d864f76574d2ab8ab85ad0fb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c531t-a9454dea769a8391a569fa312b090614171fd1f1d864f76574d2ab8ab85ad0fb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1899493195/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1899493195?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25910183$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1220641$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Crisp, Ryan W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kroupa, Daniel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Ashley R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Elisa M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jianbing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beard, Matthew C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luther, Joseph M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP)</creatorcontrib><title>Metal Halide Solid-State Surface Treatment for High Efficiency PbS and PbSe QD Solar Cells</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>We developed a layer-by-layer method of preparing PbE (E = S or Se) quantum dot (QD) solar cells using metal halide (PbI
2
, PbCl
2
, CdI
2
, or CdCl
2
) salts dissolved in dimethylformamide to displace oleate surface ligands and form conductive QD solids. The resulting QD solids have a significant reduction in the carbon content compared to films treated with thiols and organic halides. We find that the PbI
2
treatment is the most successful in removing alkyl surface ligands and also replaces most surface bound Cl
-
with I
-
. The treatment protocol results in PbS QD films exhibiting a deeper work function and band positions than other ligand exchanges reported previously. The method developed here produces solar cells that perform well even at film thicknesses approaching a micron, indicating improved carrier transport in the QD films. We demonstrate QD solar cells based on PbI
2
with power conversion efficiencies above 7%.</description><subject>140/146</subject><subject>639/301/299/946</subject><subject>639/925/357/1017</subject><subject>Chlorides</subject><subject>Dimethylformamide</subject><subject>Halides</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>ligand exchange</subject><subject>Ligands</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>nanocrystals</subject><subject>NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY</subject><subject>Photovoltaic cells</subject><subject>Quantum dots</subject><subject>quantum dots (QD)</subject><subject>Salts</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Solar cells</subject><subject>SOLAR ENERGY</subject><subject>Thiols</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNplkV1rFDEUhgex2FJ74R-QoDdWmJqTTGYmNwXZVrdQUdl64004k0l2U2Yna5IR-u_NsnVZbQicA-fhPR9vUbwCegGUtx9iMBsqZSWeFSeMVqJknLHnB_lxcRbjPc1PMFmBfFEcMyGBQstPip9fTMKBzHFwvSELn0O5SJhyPgWL2pC7YDCtzZiI9YHM3XJFrq112plRP5Bv3YLg2G-jId-vtgoYyMwMQ3xZHFkcojl7jKfFj0_Xd7N5efv1883s422pBYdUYh696g02tcSWS0BRS4scWEclraGCBmwPFvq2rmxTi6bqGXZt_gJ7ajt-WlzudDdTtza9zqMGHNQmuDWGB-XRqX8ro1uppf-tBG9rAMgCb3YCPianonbJ6JX242h0UsAYrast9O6xS_C_JhOTWruo8544Gj9FBXXT8KaiwDP69j_03k9hzDdQ0GanJAcpMnW-o3TwMZto9xMDVVtn1d7ZzL4-XHFP_vUxA-93QMylcWnCQcsnan8Aibqqow</recordid><startdate>20150424</startdate><enddate>20150424</enddate><creator>Crisp, Ryan W.</creator><creator>Kroupa, Daniel M.</creator><creator>Marshall, Ashley R.</creator><creator>Miller, Elisa M.</creator><creator>Zhang, Jianbing</creator><creator>Beard, Matthew C.</creator><creator>Luther, Joseph M.</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>OIOZB</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150424</creationdate><title>Metal Halide Solid-State Surface Treatment for High Efficiency PbS and PbSe QD Solar Cells</title><author>Crisp, Ryan W. ; Kroupa, Daniel M. ; Marshall, Ashley R. ; Miller, Elisa M. ; Zhang, Jianbing ; Beard, Matthew C. ; Luther, Joseph M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c531t-a9454dea769a8391a569fa312b090614171fd1f1d864f76574d2ab8ab85ad0fb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>140/146</topic><topic>639/301/299/946</topic><topic>639/925/357/1017</topic><topic>Chlorides</topic><topic>Dimethylformamide</topic><topic>Halides</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>ligand exchange</topic><topic>Ligands</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>nanocrystals</topic><topic>NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY</topic><topic>Photovoltaic cells</topic><topic>Quantum dots</topic><topic>quantum dots (QD)</topic><topic>Salts</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Solar cells</topic><topic>SOLAR ENERGY</topic><topic>Thiols</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Crisp, Ryan W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kroupa, Daniel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Ashley R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Elisa M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jianbing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beard, Matthew C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luther, Joseph M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). 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Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Metal Halide Solid-State Surface Treatment for High Efficiency PbS and PbSe QD Solar Cells</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2015-04-24</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>9945</spage><epage>9945</epage><pages>9945-9945</pages><artnum>9945</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>We developed a layer-by-layer method of preparing PbE (E = S or Se) quantum dot (QD) solar cells using metal halide (PbI
2
, PbCl
2
, CdI
2
, or CdCl
2
) salts dissolved in dimethylformamide to displace oleate surface ligands and form conductive QD solids. The resulting QD solids have a significant reduction in the carbon content compared to films treated with thiols and organic halides. We find that the PbI
2
treatment is the most successful in removing alkyl surface ligands and also replaces most surface bound Cl
-
with I
-
. The treatment protocol results in PbS QD films exhibiting a deeper work function and band positions than other ligand exchanges reported previously. The method developed here produces solar cells that perform well even at film thicknesses approaching a micron, indicating improved carrier transport in the QD films. We demonstrate QD solar cells based on PbI
2
with power conversion efficiencies above 7%.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>25910183</pmid><doi>10.1038/srep09945</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2045-2322 |
| ispartof | Scientific reports, 2015-04, Vol.5 (1), p.9945-9945, Article 9945 |
| issn | 2045-2322 2045-2322 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5386111 |
| source | Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Springer Nature - nature.com Journals - Fully Open Access |
| subjects | 140/146 639/301/299/946 639/925/357/1017 Chlorides Dimethylformamide Halides Humanities and Social Sciences ligand exchange Ligands multidisciplinary nanocrystals NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY Photovoltaic cells Quantum dots quantum dots (QD) Salts Science Solar cells SOLAR ENERGY Thiols |
| title | Metal Halide Solid-State Surface Treatment for High Efficiency PbS and PbSe QD Solar Cells |
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