Cardiac kinematic parameters computed from video of in situ beating heart

Mechanical function of the heart during open-chest cardiac surgery is exclusively monitored by echocardiographic techniques. However, little is known about local kinematics, particularly for the reperfused regions after ischemic events. We report a novel imaging modality, which extracts local and gl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2017-04, Vol.7 (1), p.46143-46143, Article 46143
Main Authors: Fassina, Lorenzo, Rozzi, Giacomo, Rossi, Stefano, Scacchi, Simone, Galetti, Maricla, Lo Muzio, Francesco Paolo, Del Bianco, Fabrizio, Colli Franzone, Piero, Petrilli, Giuseppe, Faggian, Giuseppe, Miragoli, Michele
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/443/592
692/4019/592
Animals
Atrioventricular Block
Biomechanical Phenomena
Bypass
Computer applications
Computer Simulation
Contraction
Coronary artery
Coronary Artery Bypass
Diastole - physiology
Female
Heart
Heart - physiopathology
Heart diseases
Heart surgery
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Ischemia
Kinematics
Kinetic energy
Male
Mechanical properties
multidisciplinary
Myocardial Contraction - physiology
Myocardial Reperfusion
Rats
Reperfusion
Reproducibility of Results
Rheology
Science
Shoulder
Systole - physiology
Velocity
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Summary:Mechanical function of the heart during open-chest cardiac surgery is exclusively monitored by echocardiographic techniques. However, little is known about local kinematics, particularly for the reperfused regions after ischemic events. We report a novel imaging modality, which extracts local and global kinematic parameters from videos of in situ beating hearts, displaying live video cardiograms of the contraction events. A custom algorithm tracked the movement of a video marker positioned ad hoc onto a selected area and analyzed, during the entire recording, the contraction trajectory, displacement, velocity, acceleration, kinetic energy and force. Moreover, global epicardial velocity and vorticity were analyzed by means of Particle Image Velocimetry tool. We validated our new technique by i) computational modeling of cardiac ischemia, ii) video recordings of ischemic/reperfused rat hearts, iii) videos of beating human hearts before and after coronary artery bypass graft, and iv) local Frank-Starling effect. In rats, we observed a decrement of kinematic parameters during acute ischemia and a significant increment in the same region after reperfusion. We detected similar behavior in operated patients. This modality adds important functional values on cardiac outcomes and supports the intervention in a contact-free and non-invasive mode. Moreover, it does not require particular operator-dependent skills.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep46143