Predictive and prognostic role of serum neopterin and tryptophan breakdown in prostate cancer

The γ‐interferon‐induced enzymes indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase and GTP‐cyclohydrolase are key players in tumor immune escape mechanisms. We quantified serum levels of neopterin and tryptophan breakdown (tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenine‐to‐tryptophan ratio) in addition to prostate‐specific antige...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer science 2017-04, Vol.108 (4), p.663-670
Main Authors: Pichler, Renate, Fritz, Josef, Heidegger, Isabel, Steiner, Eberhard, Culig, Zoran, Klocker, Helmut, Fuchs, Dietmar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Biochemical recurrence
biomarker
Biomarkers, Tumor - blood
Humans
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Kynurenine - blood
Logistic Models
Male
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
neopterin
Neopterin - blood
Original
Outcome Assessment, Health Care - methods
Outcome Assessment, Health Care - statistics & numerical data
Postoperative Period
Predictive Value of Tests
Preoperative Period
Prognosis
Proportional Hazards Models
prostate cancer
Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood
Prostatectomy
Prostatic Neoplasms - blood
Prostatic Neoplasms - diagnosis
Prostatic Neoplasms - surgery
ROC Curve
Tryptophan - blood
tryptophan degradation
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Summary:The γ‐interferon‐induced enzymes indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase and GTP‐cyclohydrolase are key players in tumor immune escape mechanisms. We quantified serum levels of neopterin and tryptophan breakdown (tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenine‐to‐tryptophan ratio) in addition to prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) in newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients (n = 100) before radical prostatectomy (RP) as well as at time of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP (n = 50) in comparison to healthy men (n = 49). Effects of biomarkers on the risk of PCa diagnosis on transrectal biopsy, worse histopathological characteristics of the RP specimens, and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) after BCR were investigated. Neopterin (hazard ratio [HR], 2.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–5.61; P = 0.032) and kynurenine (HR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.26–6.79; P = 0.012) levels were univariately associated with CSS. When adjusted for other biomarkers, only neopterin remained an independent predictor of CSS (HR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.07–6.12; P = 0.035). Only PSA was associated with an increased risk of PCa diagnosis on biopsy, univariately (odds ratio, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.68–5.88; P 
ISSN:1347-9032
1349-7006
DOI:10.1111/cas.13171