Retrospective Study of Leptospirosis in Malaysia

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease transmitted to humans and animals by direct or indirect contact with urine or body fluids from infected animals especially rodents. Infection can be associated with wide clinical spectrum varying from asymptomatic to severe multi-organ syndrome with life-threaten...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:EcoHealth 2017-06, Vol.14 (2), p.389-398
Main Authors: Garba, Bashiru, Bahaman, Abdul Rani, Khairani-Bejo, Siti, Zakaria, Zunita, Mutalib, Abdul Rahim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Ecology
Animal populations
Animals
Animals, Domestic
Bacteria
Bacterial diseases
Body fluids
Case reports
case studies
Disease transmission
Domestic animals
Ecosystems
Environmental Health
Epidemiology
Flooding
human population
Human populations
Humans
Incidence
indirect contact
Leptospira - pathogenicity
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis - epidemiology
Leptospirosis - transmission
Malaysia
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microbiology
Public Health
rain
Rainfall
recreation
Retrospective Studies
Review
Rodents
Studies
surveys
Urine
Water and Health
Zoonoses
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Summary:Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease transmitted to humans and animals by direct or indirect contact with urine or body fluids from infected animals especially rodents. Infection can be associated with wide clinical spectrum varying from asymptomatic to severe multi-organ syndrome with life-threatening consequences. We conducted a review of published studies on incidences, case reports, sero-epidemiological surveys from year 2000 to 2015 using different electronic data bases. Our study revealed that majority of the studies were conducted in Peninsular Malaysia and predominantly among high-risk human groups. Most of the studies on domestic animals were conducted in the 1980s; hence, the current status of leptospirosis among domestic animal population remains largely unknown. There tend to be a sharp rise in incidence rate among human population in the year 2014 which was attributed to flooding and heavy rainfall experienced as well as recreational activities. Several gaps in epidemiological knowledge were also disclosed.
ISSN:1612-9202
1612-9210
DOI:10.1007/s10393-017-1234-0