Development of New Contrast Agents for Imaging Function and Metabolism by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Liposomes are interesting nanosystems with a wide range of medical application. One particular application is their ability to enhance contrast in magnetic resonance images; when properly loaded with magnetic/superparamagnetic nanoparticles, this means to act as contrast agents. The design of liposo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Magnetic resonance insights 2017-07, Vol.2017 (10), p.1178623X17722134-1178623X17722134
Main Authors: Carvalho, Alexandra, Gonçalves, M Clara, Corvo, M Luísa, Martins, M Bárbara F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Authorship
Cholesterol
Contrast agents
Drug delivery systems
Efficiency
Glycerol
Hyperthermia
Image contrast
Image enhancement
Iron oxides
Liposomes
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Metabolism
Nanoemulsions
Nanoparticles
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Peer review
Phase transitions
Phospholipids
Polyethylene glycol
Quantum dots
Review
Spectrum analysis
Tomography
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Summary:Liposomes are interesting nanosystems with a wide range of medical application. One particular application is their ability to enhance contrast in magnetic resonance images; when properly loaded with magnetic/superparamagnetic nanoparticles, this means to act as contrast agents. The design of liposomes loaded with magnetic particles, magnetoliposomes, presents a large number of possibilities depending on the application from image function to metabolism. More interesting is its double function application as theranostics (diagnostics and therapy). The synthesis, characterization, and possible medical applications of two types of magnetoliposomes are reviewed. Their performance will be compared, in particular, their efficiency as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, measured by their relaxivities r1 and r2 relating to their particular composition. One of the magnetoliposomes had 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (soy) as the main phospholipid component, with and without cholesterol, varying its phospholipid to cholesterol molar ratios. The other formulation is a long-circulating liposome composed of 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (egg), cholesterol, and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000]. Both nanosystems were loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with different sizes and coatings.
ISSN:1178-623X
1178-623X
DOI:10.1177/1178623X17722134