Consistency and Variability of DNA Methylation in Women During Puberty, Young Adulthood, and Pregnancy

Prior DNA methylation (DNA-m) analyses have identified cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites, which show either a significant change or consistency during lifetime. However, the proportion of CpGs that are neither significantly different nor consistent over time (indifferent CpGs) is unknown. We in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epigenetics insights 2017-01, Vol.2017 (9), p.1179237X17721540-1179237X17721540
Main Authors: Chen, Su, Mukherjee, Nandini, Janjanam, Vimala Devi, Arshad, S Hasan, Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh J, Holloway, John W, Zhang, Hongmei, Karmaus, Wilfried
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Authorship
Blood cells
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell division
Children & youth
CpG islands
Cytosine
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA methylation
Girls
Guanine
Original Research
Peer review
Peripheral blood
Pregnancy
Puberty
Studies
Uterus
Womens health
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Summary:Prior DNA methylation (DNA-m) analyses have identified cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites, which show either a significant change or consistency during lifetime. However, the proportion of CpGs that are neither significantly different nor consistent over time (indifferent CpGs) is unknown. We investigated the methylation dynamics, both longitudinal changes and consistency, in women from preadolescence to late pregnancy using DNA-m of peripheral blood cells. Consistency of cell type–adjusted DNA-m between paired individuals was assessed by regressing CpGs of subsequent age on the prior, stability by intraclass correlation coefficients (>0.5), and changes by linear mixed models. In the first 2 transitions (10-18 years and 18 years to early pregnancy), 19.5% and 20.9% CpGs were consistent, but only 0.35% in the third transition (from early to late pregnancy). Significant changes in methylation were found in 0.7%, 5.6%, and 0% CpGs, respectively. Functional enrichment analyses of genes with significant changes in DNA-m in early pregnancy (5.6%) showed that the maternal DNA-m seems to reflect signaling pathways between the uterus and the trophoblast. The transition from early to late pregnancy showed low consistency/stability and no changes, suggesting the presence of a large proportion of indifferent CpGs in late pregnancy.
ISSN:1179-237X
1179-237X
2516-8657
DOI:10.1177/1179237X17721540