Adverse effects of proton-pump inhibitor use in older adults: a review of the evidence

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a widely prescribed class of medications used to treat acid-related disorders and use has significantly increased over the last few decades. PPIs are often inappropriately prescribed and since they have been on the market, a number of post-marketing studies have bee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety 2017-09, Vol.8 (9), p.273-297
Main Authors: Maes, Marina L., Fixen, Danielle R., Linnebur, Sunny Anne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dementia
Kidney diseases
Older people
Osteoporosis
Review
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Summary:Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a widely prescribed class of medications used to treat acid-related disorders and use has significantly increased over the last few decades. PPIs are often inappropriately prescribed and since they have been on the market, a number of post-marketing studies have been published demonstrating associations between longer duration of PPI therapy and a number of adverse effects that are a concern in older adults. The objective of this review is to discuss the existing literature of potential adverse effects with long-term PPI use in older adults and to summarize the implications in clinical practice. A PubMed search was conducted to identify studies evaluating the potential long-term adverse effects of PPI therapy in older adults, and publications were selected based on relevant criteria. PPIs have been associated with an increased risk of a number of adverse effects including osteoporotic-related fractures, Clostridium difficile infection, community-acquired pneumonia, vitamin B12 deficiency, kidney disease, and dementia, demonstrated by a number of case-control, cohort studies, and meta-analyses. Older adults should be periodically evaluated for the need for continued use of PPI therapy given the number of potential adverse effects associated with long-term use.
ISSN:2042-0986
2042-0994
DOI:10.1177/2042098617715381