The Role of Three-Dimensional Scaffolds in Treating Long Bone Defects: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Literature—A Systematic Review

Long bone defects represent a clinical challenge. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been developed to overcome problems associated with conventional methods. The aim of this study was to assess the BTE strategies available in preclinical and clinical settings and the current evidence supporting this...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-13
Main Authors: Candrian, Christian, Kon, Elizaveta, Gostyńska, Natalia, Krishnakumar, Gopal Shankar, Roffi, Alice, Filardo, Giuseppe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatible Materials
Biological properties
Biomechanics
Biomedical materials
Biomedical research
Bone and Bones - injuries
Bone and Bones - surgery
Bone diseases
Bone loss
Bone marrow
Bone Transplantation
Care and treatment
Clinical trials
Defects
Growth factors
Humans
Joint surgery
Literature reviews
Long bone
Review
Scaffolds
Sheep
Stem cells
Studies
Surgery
Surgical implants
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds
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Summary:Long bone defects represent a clinical challenge. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been developed to overcome problems associated with conventional methods. The aim of this study was to assess the BTE strategies available in preclinical and clinical settings and the current evidence supporting this approach. A systematic literature screening was performed on PubMed database, searching for both preclinical (only on large animals) and clinical studies. The following string was used: “(Scaffold OR Implant) AND (Long bone defect OR segmental bone defect OR large bone defect OR bone loss defect).” The search retrieved a total of 1573 articles: 51 preclinical and 4 clinical studies were included. The great amount of preclinical papers published over the past few years showed promising findings in terms of radiological and histological evidence. Unfortunately, this in vivo situation is not reflected by a corresponding clinical impact, with few published papers, highly heterogeneous and with small patient populations. Several aspects should be further investigated to translate positive preclinical findings into clinical protocols: the identification of the best biomaterial, with both biological and biomechanical suitable properties, and the selection of the best choice between cells, GFs, or their combination through standardized models to be validated by randomized trials.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2017/8074178