A preclinical model for identifying rats at risk of alcohol use disorder

Alcohol use is one of the world’s leading causes of death and disease, although only a small proportion of individuals develop persistent alcohol use disorder (AUD). The identification of vulnerable individuals prior to their chronic intoxication remains of highest importance. We propose here to ada...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2017-08, Vol.7 (1), p.9454-10, Article 9454
Main Authors: Jadhav, Kshitij S., Magistretti, Pierre J., Halfon, Olivier, Augsburger, Marc, Boutrel, Benjamin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/378/1788
631/378/1831
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Addictions
Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects
Alcohol use
Alcoholic beverages
Alcoholism - physiopathology
Alcoholism - psychology
Alcohols
Animals
Anxiety
Anxiety - physiopathology
Anxiety - psychology
Behavior, Animal
Chronic intoxication
Conditioning, Operant
Disease Models, Animal
Ethanol
Ethanol - adverse effects
Factor analysis
Feet
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Intoxication
Male
Motivation
multidisciplinary
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reinforcement
Reward
Risk
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Self Administration
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Summary:Alcohol use is one of the world’s leading causes of death and disease, although only a small proportion of individuals develop persistent alcohol use disorder (AUD). The identification of vulnerable individuals prior to their chronic intoxication remains of highest importance. We propose here to adapt current methodologies for identifying rats at risk of losing control over alcohol intake by modeling diagnostic criteria for AUD: inability to abstain during a signaled period of reward unavailability, increased motivation assessed in a progressive effortful task and persistent alcohol intake despite aversive foot shocks. Factor analysis showed that these three addiction criteria loaded on one underlying construct indicating that they represent a latent construct of addiction trait. Further, not only vulnerable rats displayed higher ethanol consumption, and higher preference for ethanol over sweetened solutions, but they also exhibited pre-existing higher anxiety as compared to resilient rats. In conclusion, the present preclinical model confirms that development of an addiction trait not only requires prolonged exposure to alcohol, but also depends on endophenotype like anxiety that predispose a minority of individuals to lose control over alcohol consumption.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-09801-1