Role of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in regulation of innate immunity in neuroinflammatory diseases

Abstract The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is utilized by numerous cytokines and interferons, and is essential for the development and function of both innate and adaptive immunity. Aberrant activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is evident...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2018-04, Vol.189, p.4-13
Main Authors: Yan, Zhaoqi, Gibson, Sara A, Buckley, Jessica A, Qin, Hongwei, Benveniste, Etty N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergy and Immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate - immunology
Innate immunity
JAK/STAT pathway
Janus Kinases - immunology
Janus Kinases - metabolism
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - metabolism
Microglia - immunology
Microglia - metabolism
Models, Immunological
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - immunology
Multiple Sclerosis - metabolism
Parkinson Disease - immunology
Parkinson Disease - metabolism
Parkinson's disease
Signal Transduction - immunology
STAT Transcription Factors - immunology
STAT Transcription Factors - metabolism
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Summary:Abstract The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is utilized by numerous cytokines and interferons, and is essential for the development and function of both innate and adaptive immunity. Aberrant activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is evident in neuroinflammatory diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease. Innate immunity is the front line defender of the immune system and is composed of various cell types, including microglia, macrophages and neutrophils. Innate immune responses have both pathogenic and protective roles in neuroinflammation, depending on disease context and the microenvironment in the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases, how the JAK/STAT signaling pathway regulates the innate immune response, and finally, the potential for ameliorating neuroinflammation by utilization of JAK/STAT inhibitors.
ISSN:1521-6616
1521-7035
DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.014