Vascular Tissue Engineering: Effects of Integrating Collagen into a PCL Based Nanofiber Material

The engineering of vascular grafts is a growing field in regenerative medicine. Although numerous attempts have been made, the current vascular grafts made of polyurethane (PU), Dacron®, or Teflon® still display unsatisfying results. Electrospinning of biopolymers and native proteins has been in the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-11
Main Authors: Horch, Raymund E., Arkudas, Andreas, Schubert, Dirk W., Detsch, Rainer, Beier, Justus P., Köhn, Katrin, Dippold, Dirk, Poppitz, Benjamin, Steiner, Dominik, Bertram, Ulf, Boccaccini, Aldo R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Biocompatibility
Biomechanics
Biomedical materials
Biopolymers
Bioprosthesis
Blood circulation disorders
Blood Vessel Prosthesis
Blood vessels
Cell Line
Collagen
Collagen (type I)
Collagen Type I - chemistry
Dacron
Diagnosis
DNA methylation
Electrospinning
Extracellular matrix
Grafting
Grafts
In vitro methods and tests
Integration
Materials Testing
Medicine
Mice
Morphology
Nanofibers
Nanofibers - chemistry
Polyesters - chemistry
Polymer blends
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Polyurethane
Polyurethane resins
Prostheses
Prosthetics
Proteins
Regenerative medicine
Scaffolds
Surgery
Tissue engineering
Tissue Engineering - methods
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Vascular grafts
Vascular tissue
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Summary:The engineering of vascular grafts is a growing field in regenerative medicine. Although numerous attempts have been made, the current vascular grafts made of polyurethane (PU), Dacron®, or Teflon® still display unsatisfying results. Electrospinning of biopolymers and native proteins has been in the focus of research to imitate the extracellular matrix (ECM) of vessels to produce a small caliber, off-the-shelf tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG) as a substitute for poorly performing PU, Dacron, or Teflon prostheses. Blended poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)/collagen grafts have shown promising results regarding biomechanical and cell supporting features. In order to find a suitable PCL/collagen blend, we fabricated plane electrospun PCL scaffolds using various collagen type I concentrations ranging from 5% to 75%. We analyzed biocompatibility and morphological aspects in vitro. Our results show beneficial features of collagen I integration regarding cell viability and functionality, but also adverse effects like the loss of a confluent monolayer at high concentrations of collagen. Furthermore, electrospun PCL scaffolds containing 25% collagen I seem to be ideal for engineering vascular grafts.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2017/9616939