Cognitive Function of Artemisia argyi H. Fermented by Monascus purpureus under TMT-Induced Learning and Memory Deficits in ICR Mice

The cognitive effect of Artemisia argyi H. under liquid-state fermentation by Monascus purpureus (AAFM), which has cellular antioxidant activity and neuronal cell viability, on trimethyltin- (TMT-) induced learning and memory impairment in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice was confirmed. Tests...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-16
Main Authors: Heo, Ho Jin, Ha, Gi Jeong, Kim, Jong Min, Ha, Jeong Su, Park, Seon Kyeong, Lee, Du Sang, Kang, Jin Yong, Seo, Weon Taek
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholinesterase
Alzheimer's disease
Animal research
Animal tissues
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Biochemistry
Brain
Brain injury
Cancer
Cholinergic transmission
Cognitive ability
Cytochrome
Fermentation
Fungi
Genetic aspects
Glutathione
Hydrogen peroxide
Learning
Life sciences
Lipid peroxidation
Liquid chromatography
Malondialdehyde
Memory
Microorganisms
Mitochondria
Monascus purpureus
Mugwort
Nervous system
Neuroprotection
Neurotoxicity
Oxidative stress
Peroxidation
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Quadrupoles
Quinic acid
Rats
Rattus
Rice
Signal transduction
Superoxide dismutase
Trimethyltin
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Summary:The cognitive effect of Artemisia argyi H. under liquid-state fermentation by Monascus purpureus (AAFM), which has cellular antioxidant activity and neuronal cell viability, on trimethyltin- (TMT-) induced learning and memory impairment in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice was confirmed. Tests were conducted to determine the neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress, and the results showed that AAFM has protective effects through the repression of mitochondrial injury and cellular membrane damage against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity. In animal experiments, such as the Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests, AAFM also showed excellent ameliorating effects on TMT-induced cognitive dysfunction. After behavioral tests, brain tissues were extracted to assess damage to brain tissue. According to the experimental results, AAFM improved the cholinergic system by upregulating acetylcholine (ACh) contents and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. AAFM effectively improved the decline of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level and the increase of the oxidized glutathione (GSH) ratio and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA) production) caused by TMT-induced oxidative stress. The occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis was also decreased compared with the TMT group. Finally, quinic acid derivatives were identified as the major phenolic compounds in AAFM using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight (UPLC-Q-TOF) MS analysis.
ISSN:1741-427X
1741-4288
DOI:10.1155/2017/5809370