Risk Assessment of Metals in Urban Soils from a Typical Industrial City, Suzhou, Eastern China

Risk of metals in urban soils is less studied, compared to that in other types of soils, hindering accurate assessment of human exposure to metals. In this study, the concentrations of five metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg) were analyzed in 167 surface soil samples collected from Suzhou city and their...

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Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2017-09, Vol.14 (9), p.1025
Main Authors: Wang, Gang, Liu, Hou-Qi, Gong, Yu, Wei, Yang, Miao, Ai-Jun, Yang, Liu-Yan, Zhong, Huan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adults
Arsenic - analysis
Body weight
Cadmium
Carcinogens
Child
Children
China
Chromium
Cities
Computer simulation
Contamination
Correlation analysis
Ecological risk assessment
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Environmental risk
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Humans
Industry
Ingestion
Lead
Mercury
Metal concentrations
Metals
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Monte Carlo Method
Multivariate analysis
Parameter sensitivity
Parameter uncertainty
Parks & recreation areas
Reference materials
Risk Assessment
Risk factors
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soil surfaces
Soils
Wood preservatives
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Zhong, Huan
description Risk of metals in urban soils is less studied, compared to that in other types of soils, hindering accurate assessment of human exposure to metals. In this study, the concentrations of five metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg) were analyzed in 167 surface soil samples collected from Suzhou city and their potential ecological and human health risks were assessed. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Hg except Cr, were higher than the background values in Jiangsu Province. Metal concentrations varied among districts, where sites of high contamination showed a punctate distribution. Principal components and correlation analyses revealed that As, Pb, and Cd could originate from the same sources. The geo-accumulation (I ) and potential ecological risk indices (RI) were calculated and the relatively low values of I (
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijerph14091025
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In this study, the concentrations of five metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg) were analyzed in 167 surface soil samples collected from Suzhou city and their potential ecological and human health risks were assessed. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Hg except Cr, were higher than the background values in Jiangsu Province. Metal concentrations varied among districts, where sites of high contamination showed a punctate distribution. Principal components and correlation analyses revealed that As, Pb, and Cd could originate from the same sources. The geo-accumulation (I ) and potential ecological risk indices (RI) were calculated and the relatively low values of I (&lt;0) and RI (&lt;150) suggested generally low ecological risk. The noncarcinogenic risks of the metals were relatively low for Suzhou residents (i.e., average hazard index or HI: 0.1199 for adults and 0.5935 for children, &lt;1), while the total carcinogenic risks (TCR) of Cr and As were acceptable (TCR in the range of 1.0 × 10 to 1.0 × 10 ). Children faced a higher threat than adults. Results of Monte-Carlo simulations were lower than those obtained from models using deterministic parameters. Of all the uncertain parameters, the ingestion rate and body weight were the most sensitive for adults and children, respectively, while As was an important factor for both. The results as well as the factors controlling risks of metals could help better understand the risks of metals in urban soils of industrial cities in China.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14091025</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28880235</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adults ; Arsenic - analysis ; Body weight ; Cadmium ; Carcinogens ; Child ; Children ; China ; Chromium ; Cities ; Computer simulation ; Contamination ; Correlation analysis ; Ecological risk assessment ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Environmental risk ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Humans ; Industry ; Ingestion ; Lead ; Mercury ; Metal concentrations ; Metals ; Metals, Heavy - analysis ; Monte Carlo Method ; Multivariate analysis ; Parameter sensitivity ; Parameter uncertainty ; Parks &amp; recreation areas ; Reference materials ; Risk Assessment ; Risk factors ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Soil surfaces ; Soils ; Wood preservatives</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2017-09, Vol.14 (9), p.1025</ispartof><rights>2017. 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The noncarcinogenic risks of the metals were relatively low for Suzhou residents (i.e., average hazard index or HI: 0.1199 for adults and 0.5935 for children, &lt;1), while the total carcinogenic risks (TCR) of Cr and As were acceptable (TCR in the range of 1.0 × 10 to 1.0 × 10 ). Children faced a higher threat than adults. Results of Monte-Carlo simulations were lower than those obtained from models using deterministic parameters. Of all the uncertain parameters, the ingestion rate and body weight were the most sensitive for adults and children, respectively, while As was an important factor for both. The results as well as the factors controlling risks of metals could help better understand the risks of metals in urban soils of industrial cities in China.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>28880235</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph14091025</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source PubMed (Medline); Publicly Available Content (ProQuest); Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry
subjects Adult
Adults
Arsenic - analysis
Body weight
Cadmium
Carcinogens
Child
Children
China
Chromium
Cities
Computer simulation
Contamination
Correlation analysis
Ecological risk assessment
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Environmental risk
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Humans
Industry
Ingestion
Lead
Mercury
Metal concentrations
Metals
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Monte Carlo Method
Multivariate analysis
Parameter sensitivity
Parameter uncertainty
Parks & recreation areas
Reference materials
Risk Assessment
Risk factors
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soil surfaces
Soils
Wood preservatives
title Risk Assessment of Metals in Urban Soils from a Typical Industrial City, Suzhou, Eastern China
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