Extensive gain and loss of photosystem I subunits in chromerid algae, photosynthetic relatives of apicomplexans

In oxygenic photosynthesis the initial photochemical processes are carried out by photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII). Although subunit composition varies between cyanobacterial and plastid photosystems, the core structures of PSI and PSII are conserved throughout photosynthetic eukaryotes. So far, th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2017-10, Vol.7 (1), p.13214-13, Article 13214
Main Authors: Sobotka, Roman, Esson, Heather J., Koník, Peter, Trsková, Eliška, Moravcová, Lenka, Horák, Aleš, Dufková, Petra, Oborník, Miroslav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Algae
ATP
ATP synthase
Chromera
Cyanobacteria
Cytochrome
Eukaryotes
Gels
Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
Photochemicals
Photosynthesis
Photosynthetic apparatus
Photosystem I
Photosystem II
Phylogeny
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Spectrometry
Subunit structure
Superoxide dismutase
Vitrella
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Summary:In oxygenic photosynthesis the initial photochemical processes are carried out by photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII). Although subunit composition varies between cyanobacterial and plastid photosystems, the core structures of PSI and PSII are conserved throughout photosynthetic eukaryotes. So far, the photosynthetic complexes have been characterised in only a small number of organisms. We performed in silico and biochemical studies to explore the organization and evolution of the photosynthetic apparatus in the chromerids Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis , autotrophic relatives of apicomplexans. We catalogued the presence and location of genes coding for conserved subunits of the photosystems as well as cytochrome b 6 f and ATP synthase in chromerids and other phototrophs and performed a phylogenetic analysis. We then characterised the photosynthetic complexes of Chromera and Vitrella using 2D gels combined with mass-spectrometry and further analysed the purified Chromera PSI. Our data suggest that the photosynthetic apparatus of chromerids underwent unique structural changes. Both photosystems (as well as cytochrome b 6 f and ATP synthase) lost several canonical subunits, while PSI gained one superoxide dismutase ( Vitrella ) or two superoxide dismutases and several unknown proteins ( Chromera ) as new regular subunits. We discuss these results in light of the extraordinarily efficient photosynthetic processes described in Chromera .
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-13575-x