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Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update
Early blight (EB) is one of the dreadful diseases of tomato caused by several species of including (which includes and ), as well as In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%. are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the pote...
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| Published in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2017-09, Vol.18 (10), p.2019 |
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| container_issue | 10 |
| container_start_page | 2019 |
| container_title | International journal of molecular sciences |
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| creator | Adhikari, Pragya Oh, Yeonyee Panthee, Dilip R |
| description | Early blight (EB) is one of the dreadful diseases of tomato caused by several species of
including
(which includes
and
), as well as
In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%.
are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the potential to overcome existing resistance genes. Currently, cultural practices and fungicide applications are employed for the management of EB due to the lack of strong resistant cultivars. Resistance sources have been identified in wild species of tomato; some breeding lines and cultivars with moderate resistance have been developed through conventional breeding methods. Polygenic inheritance of EB resistance, insufficient resistance in cultivated species and the association of EB resistance with undesirable horticultural traits have thwarted the effective breeding of EB resistance in tomato. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring EB resistance have been detected in the populations derived from different wild species including
,
and
, but none of them could be used in EB resistance breeding due to low individual QTL effects. Pyramiding of those QTLs would provide strong resistance. More research is needed to identify additional sources of useful resistance, to incorporate resistant QTLs into breeding lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to develop resistant cultivars with desirable horticultural traits including high yielding potential and early maturity. This paper will review the current understanding of causal agents of EB of tomato, resistance genetics and breeding, problems associated with breeding and future prospects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms18102019 |
| format | article |
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including
(which includes
and
), as well as
In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%.
are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the potential to overcome existing resistance genes. Currently, cultural practices and fungicide applications are employed for the management of EB due to the lack of strong resistant cultivars. Resistance sources have been identified in wild species of tomato; some breeding lines and cultivars with moderate resistance have been developed through conventional breeding methods. Polygenic inheritance of EB resistance, insufficient resistance in cultivated species and the association of EB resistance with undesirable horticultural traits have thwarted the effective breeding of EB resistance in tomato. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring EB resistance have been detected in the populations derived from different wild species including
,
and
, but none of them could be used in EB resistance breeding due to low individual QTL effects. Pyramiding of those QTLs would provide strong resistance. More research is needed to identify additional sources of useful resistance, to incorporate resistant QTLs into breeding lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to develop resistant cultivars with desirable horticultural traits including high yielding potential and early maturity. This paper will review the current understanding of causal agents of EB of tomato, resistance genetics and breeding, problems associated with breeding and future prospects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102019</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28934121</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alternaria ; Alternaria - pathogenicity ; Alternaria - physiology ; Breeding ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Plant - chemistry ; Cultivars ; Disease Resistance - genetics ; Early blight ; Fungicides ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Genotype & phenotype ; Horticulture ; Marker-assisted selection ; Plant Breeding - methods ; Plant diseases ; Plant Diseases - genetics ; Plant Diseases - immunology ; Plant Diseases - microbiology ; Plant Immunity - genetics ; Polygenic inheritance ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Review ; Solanum lycopersicum - genetics ; Solanum lycopersicum - immunology ; Solanum lycopersicum - microbiology ; Tomatoes</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2017-09, Vol.18 (10), p.2019</ispartof><rights>Copyright MDPI AG 2017</rights><rights>2017 by the authors. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-cce5c519a0cdf7430a94bfafeeab9014a9b00292c9ddf935bd959140b13e4ef83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-cce5c519a0cdf7430a94bfafeeab9014a9b00292c9ddf935bd959140b13e4ef83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1965679736/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1965679736?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,25731,27901,27902,36989,36990,44566,53766,53768,75096</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28934121$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Adhikari, Pragya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Yeonyee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panthee, Dilip R</creatorcontrib><title>Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>Early blight (EB) is one of the dreadful diseases of tomato caused by several species of
including
(which includes
and
), as well as
In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%.
are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the potential to overcome existing resistance genes. Currently, cultural practices and fungicide applications are employed for the management of EB due to the lack of strong resistant cultivars. Resistance sources have been identified in wild species of tomato; some breeding lines and cultivars with moderate resistance have been developed through conventional breeding methods. Polygenic inheritance of EB resistance, insufficient resistance in cultivated species and the association of EB resistance with undesirable horticultural traits have thwarted the effective breeding of EB resistance in tomato. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring EB resistance have been detected in the populations derived from different wild species including
,
and
, but none of them could be used in EB resistance breeding due to low individual QTL effects. Pyramiding of those QTLs would provide strong resistance. More research is needed to identify additional sources of useful resistance, to incorporate resistant QTLs into breeding lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to develop resistant cultivars with desirable horticultural traits including high yielding potential and early maturity. This paper will review the current understanding of causal agents of EB of tomato, resistance genetics and breeding, problems associated with breeding and future prospects.</description><subject>Alternaria</subject><subject>Alternaria - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Alternaria - physiology</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Chromosome Mapping</subject><subject>Chromosomes, Plant - chemistry</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>Disease Resistance - genetics</subject><subject>Early blight</subject><subject>Fungicides</subject><subject>Genetic Linkage</subject><subject>Genetic Markers</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Horticulture</subject><subject>Marker-assisted selection</subject><subject>Plant Breeding - methods</subject><subject>Plant diseases</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Plant Immunity - genetics</subject><subject>Polygenic inheritance</subject><subject>Quantitative Trait Loci</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Solanum lycopersicum - genetics</subject><subject>Solanum lycopersicum - immunology</subject><subject>Solanum lycopersicum - microbiology</subject><subject>Tomatoes</subject><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><issn>1422-0067</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUtLAzEUhYMotlZ3riXgxoWjecwrLgq11AcUBG3XIZNJ2ikzk5pkhP57I62luroX7se553AAuMTojlKG7qtV43COEUGYHYE-jgmJEEqz44O9B86cWyFEKEnYKeiRnNEYE9wHw3FnrWo9_PDCdw4aDSfC1hv4WFeLpYfvylXOi1YqWLVwZhrhzQMctXC-LoVX5-BEi9qpi90cgPnTZDZ-iaZvz6_j0TSS4Y2PpFSJTDATSJY6iykSLC600EqJgiEcC1YEc4xIVpaa0aQoWcJwjApMVax0TgdguNVdd0WjShkcW1Hzta0aYTfciIr_vbTVki_MF0_SNM0QDgI3OwFrPjvlPG8qJ1Vdi1aZznHMYpLmNMdZQK__oSvT2TbEC1SapBnLaBqo2y0lrXHOKr03gxH_KYYfFhPwq8MAe_i3CfoNkByJOQ</recordid><startdate>20170921</startdate><enddate>20170921</enddate><creator>Adhikari, Pragya</creator><creator>Oh, Yeonyee</creator><creator>Panthee, Dilip R</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170921</creationdate><title>Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update</title><author>Adhikari, Pragya ; Oh, Yeonyee ; Panthee, Dilip R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-cce5c519a0cdf7430a94bfafeeab9014a9b00292c9ddf935bd959140b13e4ef83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Alternaria</topic><topic>Alternaria - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Alternaria - physiology</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>Chromosome Mapping</topic><topic>Chromosomes, Plant - chemistry</topic><topic>Cultivars</topic><topic>Disease Resistance - genetics</topic><topic>Early blight</topic><topic>Fungicides</topic><topic>Genetic Linkage</topic><topic>Genetic Markers</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotype & phenotype</topic><topic>Horticulture</topic><topic>Marker-assisted selection</topic><topic>Plant Breeding - methods</topic><topic>Plant diseases</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant Immunity - genetics</topic><topic>Polygenic inheritance</topic><topic>Quantitative Trait Loci</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Solanum lycopersicum - genetics</topic><topic>Solanum lycopersicum - immunology</topic><topic>Solanum lycopersicum - microbiology</topic><topic>Tomatoes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Adhikari, Pragya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Yeonyee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panthee, Dilip R</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Adhikari, Pragya</au><au>Oh, Yeonyee</au><au>Panthee, Dilip R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2017-09-21</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2019</spage><pages>2019-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>Early blight (EB) is one of the dreadful diseases of tomato caused by several species of
including
(which includes
and
), as well as
In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%.
are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the potential to overcome existing resistance genes. Currently, cultural practices and fungicide applications are employed for the management of EB due to the lack of strong resistant cultivars. Resistance sources have been identified in wild species of tomato; some breeding lines and cultivars with moderate resistance have been developed through conventional breeding methods. Polygenic inheritance of EB resistance, insufficient resistance in cultivated species and the association of EB resistance with undesirable horticultural traits have thwarted the effective breeding of EB resistance in tomato. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring EB resistance have been detected in the populations derived from different wild species including
,
and
, but none of them could be used in EB resistance breeding due to low individual QTL effects. Pyramiding of those QTLs would provide strong resistance. More research is needed to identify additional sources of useful resistance, to incorporate resistant QTLs into breeding lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to develop resistant cultivars with desirable horticultural traits including high yielding potential and early maturity. This paper will review the current understanding of causal agents of EB of tomato, resistance genetics and breeding, problems associated with breeding and future prospects.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>28934121</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms18102019</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1422-0067 |
| ispartof | International journal of molecular sciences, 2017-09, Vol.18 (10), p.2019 |
| issn | 1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5666701 |
| source | Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Alternaria Alternaria - pathogenicity Alternaria - physiology Breeding Chromosome Mapping Chromosomes, Plant - chemistry Cultivars Disease Resistance - genetics Early blight Fungicides Genetic Linkage Genetic Markers Genotype Genotype & phenotype Horticulture Marker-assisted selection Plant Breeding - methods Plant diseases Plant Diseases - genetics Plant Diseases - immunology Plant Diseases - microbiology Plant Immunity - genetics Polygenic inheritance Quantitative Trait Loci Review Solanum lycopersicum - genetics Solanum lycopersicum - immunology Solanum lycopersicum - microbiology Tomatoes |
| title | Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update |
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