Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Attenuates Alcohol-Induced Hepatosteatosis in Mice

• Published in: Digestive diseases and sciences 2017-08, Vol.62 (8), p.2021-2034
• Main Authors: Hamarneh, Sulaiman R., Kim, Byeong-Moo, Kaliannan, Kanakaraju, Morrison, Sara A., Tantillo, Tyler J., Tao, Qingsong, Mohamed, Mussa M. Rafat, Ramirez, Juan M., Karas, Aaron, Liu, Wei, Hu, Dong, Teshager, Abeba, Gul, Sarah Shireen, Economopoulos, Konstantinos P., Bhan, Atul K., Malo, Madhu S., Choi, Michael Y., Hodin, Richard A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alanine Transaminase - blood; Alcohol use; Alkaline Phosphatase - administration & dosage; Analysis; Animals; Biochemistry; Coculture Techniques; Cytokines - analysis; Cytokines - blood; Dietary Supplements; Enzymes; Ethanol; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic - blood; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic - enzymology; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic - prevention & control; Female; Gastroenterology; Hepatic Stellate Cells - enzymology; Hepatocytes - enzymology; Hepatology; Intestines - enzymology; Lipogenesis; Lipopolysaccharides - blood; Liver; Liver - chemistry; Liver cirrhosis; Liver diseases; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oncology; Original Article; Permeability; Phosphatase; Phosphatases; Rodents; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Transplant Surgery; Triglycerides - analysis
• ISSN: 0163-2116; 1573-2568
• DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4576-0

Background and Aims Bacterially derived factors from the gut play a major role in the activation of inflammatory pathways in the liver and in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. The intestinal brush-border enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) detoxifies a variety of bacterial pro-inflammatory factors and also functions to preserve gut barrier function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral IAP supplementation could protect against alcohol-induced liver disease. Methods Mice underwent acute binge or chronic ethanol exposure to induce alcoholic liver injury and steatosis ± IAP supplementation. Liver tissue was assessed for biochemical, inflammatory, and histopathological changes. An ex vivo co-culture system was used to examine the effects of alcohol and IAP treatment in regard to the activation of hepatic stellate cells and their role in the development of alcoholic liver disease. Results Pretreatment with IAP resulted in significantly lower serum alanine aminotransferase compared to the ethanol alone group in the acute binge model. IAP treatment attenuated the development of alcohol-induced fatty liver, lowered hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokine and serum LPS levels, and prevented alcohol-induced gut barrier dysfunction. Finally, IAP ameliorated the activation of hepatic stellate cells and prevented their lipogenic effect on hepatocytes. Conclusions IAP treatment protected mice from alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and steatosis. Oral IAP supplementation could represent a novel therapy to prevent alcoholic-related liver disease in humans.