Exosomal microRNA communication between tissues during organogenesis

Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required to coordinate cell proliferation, patterning, and functional differentiation of multiple cell types in a developing organ. This exquisite coordination is dependent on various secreted molecules that provide developmental signals to mediate these tissu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RNA biology 2017-12, Vol.14 (12), p.1683-1689
Main Authors: Hayashi, Toru, Hoffman, Matthew P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adults
cell proliferation
DNA methylation
epithelial-mesenchymal interaction
epithelium
exosomes
gene expression
mice
microRNA
miR-133b-3p
organogenesis
Point of View
salivary gland
salivary glands
stem cells
therapeutics
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Summary:Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required to coordinate cell proliferation, patterning, and functional differentiation of multiple cell types in a developing organ. This exquisite coordination is dependent on various secreted molecules that provide developmental signals to mediate these tissue interactions. Recently, it was reported that mature mesenchymal-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) in the fetal mouse salivary gland are loaded into exosomes, and transported to the epithelium where they influence progenitor cell proliferation. The exosomal miRNAs regulated epithelial expression of genes involved in DNA methylation in progenitor cells to influence morphogenesis. Thus, exosomal miRNAs are mobile genetic signals that cross tissue boundaries within an organ. These findings raise many questions about how miRNA signals are initiated to coordinate organogenesis and whether they are master regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The development of therapeutic applications using exosomal miRNAs for the regeneration of damaged adult organs is a promising area of research.
ISSN:1547-6286
1555-8584
1555-8584
DOI:10.1080/15476286.2017.1361098