Cox Regression with Dependent Error in Covariates

Many survival studies have error-contaminated covariates due to the lack of a gold standard of measurement. Furthermore, the error distribution can depend on the true covariates but the structure may be difficult to characterize; heteroscedasticity is a common manifestation. We suggest a novel depen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biometrics 2018-03, Vol.74 (1), p.118-126
Main Authors: Huang, Yijian, Wang, Ching-Yun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - diagnosis
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - mortality
BIOMETRIC METHODOLOGY
CD4 Lymphocyte Count - standards
CD4 Lymphocyte Count - statistics & numerical data
Clinical Trials as Topic
Computer Simulation
Contamination
Covariance
Error analysis
Error correction
Functional modeling
Heteroscedastic error
Humans
Instrumental variable
Models, Statistical
Multiplicative error
Nonparametric correction
Nonparametric statistics
Proportional hazards model
Proportional Hazards Models
Regression Analysis
Regression coefficients
Scientific Experimental Error - statistics & numerical data
Statistical analysis
Survival Analysis
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Summary:Many survival studies have error-contaminated covariates due to the lack of a gold standard of measurement. Furthermore, the error distribution can depend on the true covariates but the structure may be difficult to characterize; heteroscedasticity is a common manifestation. We suggest a novel dependent measurement error model with minimal assumptions on the dependence structure, and propose a new functional modeling method for Cox regression when an instrumental variable is available. This proposal accommodates much more general error contamination than existing approaches including nonparametric correction methods of Huang and Wang (2000, Journal of the American Statistical Association 95, 1209-1219; 2006, Statistica Sinica 16, 861-881). The estimated regression coefficients are consistent and asymptotically normal, and a consistent variance estimate is provided for inference. Simulations demonstrate that the procedure performs well even under substantial error contamination. Illustration with a clinical study is provided.
ISSN:0006-341X
1541-0420
DOI:10.1111/biom.12741