Quantum machine learning: a classical perspective

Recently, increased computational power and data availability, as well as algorithmic advances, have led machine learning (ML) techniques to impressive results in regression, classification, data generation and reinforcement learning tasks. Despite these successes, the proximity to the physical limi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the Royal Society. A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, 2018-01, Vol.474 (2209), p.20170551-20170551
Main Authors: Ciliberto, Carlo, Herbster, Mark, Ialongo, Alessandro Davide, Pontil, Massimiliano, Rocchetto, Andrea, Severini, Simone, Wossnig, Leonard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Artificial intelligence
Literature reviews
Machine Learning
Quantum
Quantum Computing
Review
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Summary:Recently, increased computational power and data availability, as well as algorithmic advances, have led machine learning (ML) techniques to impressive results in regression, classification, data generation and reinforcement learning tasks. Despite these successes, the proximity to the physical limits of chip fabrication alongside the increasing size of datasets is motivating a growing number of researchers to explore the possibility of harnessing the power of quantum computation to speed up classical ML algorithms. Here we review the literature in quantum ML and discuss perspectives for a mixed readership of classical ML and quantum computation experts. Particular emphasis will be placed on clarifying the limitations of quantum algorithms, how they compare with their best classical counterparts and why quantum resources are expected to provide advantages for learning problems. Learning in the presence of noise and certain computationally hard problems in ML are identified as promising directions for the field. Practical questions, such as how to upload classical data into quantum form, will also be addressed.
ISSN:1364-5021
1471-2946
DOI:10.1098/rspa.2017.0551