Loading…

A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling

The advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed by irbesartan compared to many other ARBs raised the interest to investigate its gastroprotective potential in a rat model of gastri...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2018-03, Vol.8 (1), p.4280-12, Article 4280
Main Authors: Shahin, Nancy N., Abdelkader, Noha F., Safar, Marwa M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823
container_end_page 12
container_issue 1
container_start_page 4280
container_title Scientific reports
container_volume 8
creator Shahin, Nancy N.
Abdelkader, Noha F.
Safar, Marwa M.
description The advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed by irbesartan compared to many other ARBs raised the interest to investigate its gastroprotective potential in a rat model of gastric injury. Irbesartan (50 mg/Kg) was orally administered to male Wistar rats once daily for 14 days; thereafter gastric injury was induced by indomethacin (60 mg/Kg, p.o). Irbesartan reduced gastric ulcer index, gastric acidity, and ameliorated indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal apoptotic and inflammatory aberrations, as demonstrated by hampering caspase-3, prostaglandin E 2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. This ARB increased mucosal dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) gene expression and decreased elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Histopathological evaluation corroborated biochemical findings. Overall efficacy of irbesartan was comparable to ranitidine, the widely used H 2 receptor blocker. In conclusion, irbesartan exerts significant gastroprotection against indomethacin-induced mucosal damage via acid-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and extracellular matrix remodeling mechanisms that are probably mediated, at least partly, by down-regulating DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-018-22727-6
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5844881</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2012916205</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUFvFCEcxSfGxjZtv4AHQ-LFy7jAwAx4MJl0t9uNVZO1ngkLzJTNLGyBadIv4WeWdWqtHuQC5P3eg39eUbxG8D2CFZtFgihnJUSsxLjBTVm_KE4wJLTEFcYvn52Pi_MYtzAvijlB_FVxjDnFFaPopPjRgi_-3gxg7QcDfAdWYWOiDEk6YB1YypiC3wefjErWOyB7aV1MYOW035l0K5V1Zb6MyuiJtiqL2zE8HPxrmeIHcCNDb5J1PZjP26tZO__cAuk0WCwv17PF-hP4ZnsnhwycFUedHKI5f9xPi--Xi5uLq_L663J10V6XijQklXzDOaEMc6kVgZ3pKsJohaluGK8bUusGSYkqDWUHaaOwrg3ljZG6Md1GMVydFh-n3P242RmtjEtBDmIf7E6GB-GlFX8rzt6K3t8LyghhDOWAd48Bwd-NJiaxs1GZYZDO-DEKDBHmqMaQZvTtP-jWjyHPO1GUwZrWmcITpYKPMZju6TMIikPjYmpc5MbFr8bFwfTm-RhPlt_9ZqCagJgl15vw5-3_xP4EzAC2lg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2012580656</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling</title><source>Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><source>Springer Nature - nature.com Journals - Fully Open Access</source><creator>Shahin, Nancy N. ; Abdelkader, Noha F. ; Safar, Marwa M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Shahin, Nancy N. ; Abdelkader, Noha F. ; Safar, Marwa M.</creatorcontrib><description>The advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed by irbesartan compared to many other ARBs raised the interest to investigate its gastroprotective potential in a rat model of gastric injury. Irbesartan (50 mg/Kg) was orally administered to male Wistar rats once daily for 14 days; thereafter gastric injury was induced by indomethacin (60 mg/Kg, p.o). Irbesartan reduced gastric ulcer index, gastric acidity, and ameliorated indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal apoptotic and inflammatory aberrations, as demonstrated by hampering caspase-3, prostaglandin E 2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. This ARB increased mucosal dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) gene expression and decreased elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Histopathological evaluation corroborated biochemical findings. Overall efficacy of irbesartan was comparable to ranitidine, the widely used H 2 receptor blocker. In conclusion, irbesartan exerts significant gastroprotection against indomethacin-induced mucosal damage via acid-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and extracellular matrix remodeling mechanisms that are probably mediated, at least partly, by down-regulating DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22727-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29523851</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>13/51 ; 14/63 ; 38/77 ; 692/308/2778 ; 692/4020/1503/583/1722 ; Acidity ; Angiotensin ; Angiotensin II ; Apoptosis ; Caspase ; Caspase-3 ; Cyclooxygenase-2 ; Epidermal growth factor ; Epidermal growth factor receptors ; Extracellular matrix ; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase ; Gastric juice ; Gene expression ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Indomethacin ; Inflammation ; Kinases ; Matrix metalloproteinase ; Metalloproteinase ; Mucosa ; multidisciplinary ; Oral administration ; Pharmacodynamics ; Pharmacokinetics ; Prostaglandin E2 ; Ranitidine ; Rodents ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2018-03, Vol.8 (1), p.4280-12, Article 4280</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2018</rights><rights>2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2012580656/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2012580656?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29523851$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shahin, Nancy N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdelkader, Noha F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safar, Marwa M.</creatorcontrib><title>A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>The advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed by irbesartan compared to many other ARBs raised the interest to investigate its gastroprotective potential in a rat model of gastric injury. Irbesartan (50 mg/Kg) was orally administered to male Wistar rats once daily for 14 days; thereafter gastric injury was induced by indomethacin (60 mg/Kg, p.o). Irbesartan reduced gastric ulcer index, gastric acidity, and ameliorated indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal apoptotic and inflammatory aberrations, as demonstrated by hampering caspase-3, prostaglandin E 2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. This ARB increased mucosal dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) gene expression and decreased elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Histopathological evaluation corroborated biochemical findings. Overall efficacy of irbesartan was comparable to ranitidine, the widely used H 2 receptor blocker. In conclusion, irbesartan exerts significant gastroprotection against indomethacin-induced mucosal damage via acid-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and extracellular matrix remodeling mechanisms that are probably mediated, at least partly, by down-regulating DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling.</description><subject>13/51</subject><subject>14/63</subject><subject>38/77</subject><subject>692/308/2778</subject><subject>692/4020/1503/583/1722</subject><subject>Acidity</subject><subject>Angiotensin</subject><subject>Angiotensin II</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Caspase</subject><subject>Caspase-3</subject><subject>Cyclooxygenase-2</subject><subject>Epidermal growth factor</subject><subject>Epidermal growth factor receptors</subject><subject>Extracellular matrix</subject><subject>Extracellular signal-regulated kinase</subject><subject>Gastric juice</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Indomethacin</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Matrix metalloproteinase</subject><subject>Metalloproteinase</subject><subject>Mucosa</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Oral administration</subject><subject>Pharmacodynamics</subject><subject>Pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Prostaglandin E2</subject><subject>Ranitidine</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFvFCEcxSfGxjZtv4AHQ-LFy7jAwAx4MJl0t9uNVZO1ngkLzJTNLGyBadIv4WeWdWqtHuQC5P3eg39eUbxG8D2CFZtFgihnJUSsxLjBTVm_KE4wJLTEFcYvn52Pi_MYtzAvijlB_FVxjDnFFaPopPjRgi_-3gxg7QcDfAdWYWOiDEk6YB1YypiC3wefjErWOyB7aV1MYOW035l0K5V1Zb6MyuiJtiqL2zE8HPxrmeIHcCNDb5J1PZjP26tZO__cAuk0WCwv17PF-hP4ZnsnhwycFUedHKI5f9xPi--Xi5uLq_L663J10V6XijQklXzDOaEMc6kVgZ3pKsJohaluGK8bUusGSYkqDWUHaaOwrg3ljZG6Md1GMVydFh-n3P242RmtjEtBDmIf7E6GB-GlFX8rzt6K3t8LyghhDOWAd48Bwd-NJiaxs1GZYZDO-DEKDBHmqMaQZvTtP-jWjyHPO1GUwZrWmcITpYKPMZju6TMIikPjYmpc5MbFr8bFwfTm-RhPlt_9ZqCagJgl15vw5-3_xP4EzAC2lg</recordid><startdate>20180309</startdate><enddate>20180309</enddate><creator>Shahin, Nancy N.</creator><creator>Abdelkader, Noha F.</creator><creator>Safar, Marwa M.</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180309</creationdate><title>A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling</title><author>Shahin, Nancy N. ; Abdelkader, Noha F. ; Safar, Marwa M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>13/51</topic><topic>14/63</topic><topic>38/77</topic><topic>692/308/2778</topic><topic>692/4020/1503/583/1722</topic><topic>Acidity</topic><topic>Angiotensin</topic><topic>Angiotensin II</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Caspase</topic><topic>Caspase-3</topic><topic>Cyclooxygenase-2</topic><topic>Epidermal growth factor</topic><topic>Epidermal growth factor receptors</topic><topic>Extracellular matrix</topic><topic>Extracellular signal-regulated kinase</topic><topic>Gastric juice</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Indomethacin</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Matrix metalloproteinase</topic><topic>Metalloproteinase</topic><topic>Mucosa</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Oral administration</topic><topic>Pharmacodynamics</topic><topic>Pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Prostaglandin E2</topic><topic>Ranitidine</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Science (multidisciplinary)</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-α</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shahin, Nancy N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdelkader, Noha F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safar, Marwa M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shahin, Nancy N.</au><au>Abdelkader, Noha F.</au><au>Safar, Marwa M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2018-03-09</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>4280</spage><epage>12</epage><pages>4280-12</pages><artnum>4280</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>The advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed by irbesartan compared to many other ARBs raised the interest to investigate its gastroprotective potential in a rat model of gastric injury. Irbesartan (50 mg/Kg) was orally administered to male Wistar rats once daily for 14 days; thereafter gastric injury was induced by indomethacin (60 mg/Kg, p.o). Irbesartan reduced gastric ulcer index, gastric acidity, and ameliorated indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal apoptotic and inflammatory aberrations, as demonstrated by hampering caspase-3, prostaglandin E 2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. This ARB increased mucosal dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) gene expression and decreased elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Histopathological evaluation corroborated biochemical findings. Overall efficacy of irbesartan was comparable to ranitidine, the widely used H 2 receptor blocker. In conclusion, irbesartan exerts significant gastroprotection against indomethacin-induced mucosal damage via acid-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and extracellular matrix remodeling mechanisms that are probably mediated, at least partly, by down-regulating DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>29523851</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-018-22727-6</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 2045-2322
ispartof Scientific reports, 2018-03, Vol.8 (1), p.4280-12, Article 4280
issn 2045-2322
2045-2322
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5844881
source Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Springer Nature - nature.com Journals - Fully Open Access
subjects 13/51
14/63
38/77
692/308/2778
692/4020/1503/583/1722
Acidity
Angiotensin
Angiotensin II
Apoptosis
Caspase
Caspase-3
Cyclooxygenase-2
Epidermal growth factor
Epidermal growth factor receptors
Extracellular matrix
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
Gastric juice
Gene expression
Humanities and Social Sciences
Indomethacin
Inflammation
Kinases
Matrix metalloproteinase
Metalloproteinase
Mucosa
multidisciplinary
Oral administration
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Prostaglandin E2
Ranitidine
Rodents
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Tumor necrosis factor-α
title A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-27T21%3A53%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20Novel%20Role%20of%20Irbesartan%20in%20Gastroprotection%20against%20Indomethacin-Induced%20Gastric%20Injury%20in%20Rats:%20Targeting%20DDAH/ADMA%20and%20EGFR/ERK%20Signaling&rft.jtitle=Scientific%20reports&rft.au=Shahin,%20Nancy%20N.&rft.date=2018-03-09&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4280&rft.epage=12&rft.pages=4280-12&rft.artnum=4280&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41598-018-22727-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2012916205%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9b9945829adc40fef3485325d7896746d71aa13d0af057c2d6e597ead7efbc823%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2012580656&rft_id=info:pmid/29523851&rfr_iscdi=true