Advances in Probiotic Regulation of Bone and Mineral Metabolism

Probiotics have been consumed by humans for thousands of years because they are beneficial for long-term storage of foods and promote the health of their host. Ingested probiotics reside in the gastrointestinal tract where they have many effects including modifying the microbiota composition, intest...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Calcified tissue international 2018-04, Vol.102 (4), p.480-488
Main Authors: McCabe, Laura R., Parameswaran, Narayanan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Bone and Bones - immunology
Bone composition
Bone density
Bone growth
Bone loss
Cell Biology
Dysbacteriosis
Endocrinology
Gastrointestinal tract
Humans
Immune system
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - microbiology
Intestine
Life Sciences
Microbiota
Microbiota - immunology
Minerals - metabolism
Orthopedics
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis - immunology
Osteoporosis - microbiology
Permeability
Probiotics
Probiotics - metabolism
Review
Small intestine
Synergism
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Summary:Probiotics have been consumed by humans for thousands of years because they are beneficial for long-term storage of foods and promote the health of their host. Ingested probiotics reside in the gastrointestinal tract where they have many effects including modifying the microbiota composition, intestinal barrier function, and the immune system which result in systemic benefits to the host, including bone health. Probiotics benefit bone growth, density, and structure under conditions of dysbiosis, intestinal permeability, and inflammation (recognized mediators of bone loss and osteoporosis). It is likely that multiple mechanisms are involved in mediating probiotic signals from the gut to the bone. Studies indicate a role for the microbiota (composition and activity), intestinal barrier function, and immune cells in the signaling process. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, but rather, may synergize to provide benefits to the skeletal system of the host and serve as a starting point for investigation. Given that probiotics hold great promise for supporting bone health and are generally regarded as safe, future studies identifying mechanisms are warranted.
ISSN:0171-967X
1432-0827
DOI:10.1007/s00223-018-0403-7