Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose-Responses: An Update

The concept of hormesis, as an adaptive response of biological systems to moderate environmental challenges, has raised considerable nano-toxicological interests in view of the rapid pace of production and application of even more innovative nanomaterials and the expected increasing likelihood of en...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2018-03, Vol.19 (3), p.805
Main Authors: Iavicoli, Ivo, Leso, Veruscka, Fontana, Luca, Calabrese, Edward J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive systems
Animals
Cell Line
Exposure
Hormesis
Humans
Metal Nanoparticles - administration & dosage
Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry
Molecular modelling
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Organic chemistry
Physicochemical properties
Review
Risk assessment
Risk factors
Species Specificity
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Summary:The concept of hormesis, as an adaptive response of biological systems to moderate environmental challenges, has raised considerable nano-toxicological interests in view of the rapid pace of production and application of even more innovative nanomaterials and the expected increasing likelihood of environmental and human exposure to low-dose concentrations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an update of the current knowledge concerning the biphasic dose-responses induced by nanoparticle exposure. The evidence presented confirmed and extended our previous findings, showing that hormesis is a generalized adaptive response which may be further generalized to nanoscale xenobiotic challenges. Nanoparticle physico-chemical properties emerged as possible features affecting biphasic relationships, although the molecular mechanisms underlining such influences remain to be fully understood, especially in experimental settings resembling long-term and low-dose realistic environmental exposure scenarios. Further investigation is necessary to achieve helpful information for a suitable assessment of nanomaterial risks at the low-dose range for both the ecosystem function and the human health.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms19030805