A Quantitative Analysis of Brain Soluble Tau and the Tau Secretion Factor

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) represent products of insoluble tau protein in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau level is a biomarker in AD diagnosis. The soluble portion of tau protein in brain parenchyma is presumably the source for CSF tau but th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 2017-01, Vol.76 (1), p.44-51
Main Authors: Han, Pengcheng, Serrano, Geidy, Beach, Thomas G, Caselli, Richard J, Yin, Junxiang, Zhuang, Ningning, Shi, Jiong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alzheimer Disease - cerebrospinal fluid
Alzheimer Disease - pathology
Alzheimer Disease - psychology
Biomarkers - cerebrospinal fluid
Brain - pathology
Brain - secretion
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
Female
Humans
Male
Neurofibrillary Tangles - pathology
Neurofibrillary Tangles - secretion
Original
Single-Blind Method
tau Proteins - cerebrospinal fluid
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Summary:Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) represent products of insoluble tau protein in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau level is a biomarker in AD diagnosis. The soluble portion of tau protein in brain parenchyma is presumably the source for CSF tau but this has not previously been quantified. We measured CSF tau and soluble brain tau at autopsy in temporal and frontal brain tissue samples from 7 cognitive normal, 12 mild cognitively impaired, and 19 AD subjects. Based on the measured brain soluble tau, we calculated the whole brain tau load and estimated tau secretion factor. Our results suggest that the increase in NFT in AD is likely attributable to post-translational processes; the increase in CSF tau in AD patients is due to an accelerated carrier-based secretion. Moreover, cognitive dysfunction assessed by final Mini-Mental State Examination scores correlated with the secretion factor but not with the soluble tau.
ISSN:0022-3069
1554-6578
DOI:10.1093/jnen/nlw105