Risk Factors of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

• Published in: General psychiatry 2018-02, Vol.30 (1), p.20-26
• Main Authors: Khazaie, Habibolah, Eghbali, Farshid, Amirian, Houshang, Moradi, Mahmoud Reza, Ghadami, Mohammad Rasoul
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Hyperactivity; Original; Risk factors; Urinary incontinence
• ISSN: 1002-0829; 2096-5923; 1002-0829; 2517-729X
• DOI: 10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.216088

BackgroundPresence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a negative effect on the resolution of incontinence; however, there are few studies which investigated the risk factors of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in patients with ADHD.AimsThis study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of NE and its risk factors in children with ADHD.Methods331 children, aged 6 to 10 years, diagnosed as having ADHD were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of ADHD was confirmed by an experienced child and adolescent psychiatrist according to DSM-IV-TR. NE was defined as nighttime wetting with or without daytime incontinence, at least twice a week over a period of 3 months or longer in children 5 years old and older without anatomical abnormalities. Details on demographic data, perinatal history, medical history and developmental history were collected from parents or medical records.ResultsMost of the ADHD patients with inattentional subtype (77.5%) had NE, compared to 31.7% in the hyperactive/Impulsive subtype and 22.5% in the combined subtype (p