Oral health-related quality of life in patients with upper gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders in Pakistan: validation of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 in the Urdu language

• Published in: BDJ open 2018-04, Vol.4 (1), p.17036-7, Article 17036
• Main Authors: Warsi, Ibrahim, Younus, Anjum, Rasheed, Abdur, Ahmed, Javeria, Mahida, Hafsa, Hashmi, Rimsha, Qureshi, Ambrina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 692/699/3020; 692/700/3032/3086/3088; Dentistry; Gastroenterology; Language; Liver diseases; Medicine; Oral hygiene; Quality of life; Teeth
• ISSN: 2056-807X; 2056-807X
• DOI: 10.1038/s41405-018-0002-8

Introduction The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) has been used extensively to measure the impact of oral disease on oral health-related quality of life (HRQoL) but has not been validated in the Urdu language or tested in gastroenterology. Aims To validate the OHIP-14 for use in Pakistan and its ability to assess oral health in patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatic disorders. Design Multicentre, cross-sectional. Setting Four major tertiary care hospitals. Methods The OHIP-14 was tested for reliability and validity in 700 patients referred for oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopic (OGD) investigation of the symptoms of upper GI or hepatic disease. Socio-demographic details and oral examination findings (for oral lesions and DMFT) were recorded. Results The mean (±standard deviation) total OHIP-14 score (range 0–56) was estimated to be 23.38 ± 10.47, indicating a significant impact of upper gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders on oral health. The reliability coefficient of the OHIP-14 was above 0.7 threshold, and the tool had good internal consistency ( α  = 0.83). When associated with worsening DMFT (decayed, missed, and filled teeth) index value, the highest correlations ( p